List of school massacres by death toll
This is a list of school massacres by death toll.
Footnotes for the main table
The # symbol indicates the massacre's ranking by number of deaths (since this list is sorted by death toll, not by date or by number of overall casualties).
The Weapons column gives a basic description of the weapons used:
- F – Firearms and other ranged weapons. This primarily includes rifles and handguns, but also bows and crossbows, grenade launchers, flamethrowers, or slingshots.
- M – Melee weapons, like knives, swords, spears, machetes, axes, clubs, rods, rocks, or bare hands.
- O – Any other weapons, such as bombs, hand grenades, Molotov cocktails, poison and poisonous gas, as well as vehicle and arson attacks.
- A – indicates that fire was the only other weapon used
- V – indicates that a vehicle was the only other weapon used
- E – indicates that explosives of any sort were the only other weapon used
Notes
Rampage killers
This is a list of mass/spree killers who attacked schools. A mass murderer is typically defined as someone who kills three or more people in one incident, with no "cooling off" period.[99][100] A mass murder typically occurs in a single location where one or more persons kill several others.[101][102][103]
This list does not include serial killers, members of democidal governments, or major political figures who orchestrated such actions.
| Perpetrator | Date | Year | Location | Country | Killed | Injured | W | Additional Notes | Ref. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Opiyo, Davis Onyango, 16 | March 25 | 2001 | Machakos County | 67
|
18
|
A | Both arrested and charged | ||
| 2 | Kehoe, Andrew Philip, 55[a] | May 18 | 1927 | Bath Township, Michigan | 45 |
57 |
FME | Committed suicide Also killed numerous animals One victim succumbed to injuries |
||
| 3 | Li Chuicai, 32 (李垂才) |
March 6 | 2001 | Fanglin Village, Wanzai County, Jiangxi | 41
|
27
|
EO | Committed suicide | ||
| 4 | Khamrab, Panya, 34 (ปัญญา คำราบ)[a] |
Oct 6 | 2022 | Na Klang | 36 |
10 |
FMV | Committed suicide | ||
| 5 | Cho, Seung-Hui, 23 (조승희) |
April 16 | 2007 | Blacksburg, Virginia | 32 |
17 |
F | Committed suicide Six more people were injured by jumping out of windows as they escape from the perpetrator |
||
| 5. | Kleomedes | 496-492 B.C. | Astypalaia | Ancient Greece | 27-60 |
? |
MO | Vanished | ||
| 5 | Lanza, Adam Peter, 20[a] | Dec 14 | 2012 | Newtown, Connecticut | 27 |
2 |
F | Committed suicide | ||
| 5 | Unknown | May 25 | 1982 | Aire-sur-l'Adour | 24
|
?
|
A | Unsolved | [104] | |
| 6 | Muhammad Adli Shah Bin Mohd Yusry, 16 | Sep 14 | 2017 | Kuala Lumpur | 23
|
5
|
A | Convicted and sentenced to detention at the pleasure of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong | [105] | |
| 5 | Tatarnikov, Vladimir Georgievich, 29 | Apr 4 | 1950 | Gîsca | 23
|
?
|
E | Died in the blast | ||
| 6 | Ramos, Salvador Rolando, 18[a] | May 24 | 2022 | Uvalde, Texas | 21 |
18 |
F | Killed by police Three more were injured by police |
||
| 6 | Patrick, 14
Marc, 14 |
Feb 6 | 1973 | Paris | 21
|
?
|
A | Patrick sentenced to five years in prison; Marc sentenced to four | ||
| 7 | Roslyakov, Vladislav Igorevich, 18 (Росляков, Владислав Игоревич) |
Oct 17 | 2018 | Kerch | 20 |
73 |
F E | Committed suicide | ||
| 7 | Unnamed student, 15 | May 21 | 2023 | Mahdia | 20
|
29
|
A | Arrested and charged with 20 counts of murder | ||
| 8 | Kazantsev, Artyom Igorevich, 34 (Казанцев, Артём Игоревич) |
Sep 26 | 2022 | Izhevsk | 18 |
23 |
F | Committed suicide | ||
| 9 | Cruz, Nikolas Jacob, 19 | Feb 14 | 2018 | Parkland, Florida | 17 |
18 |
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | ||
| 10 | Hamilton, Thomas Watt, 43 | March 13 | 1996 | Dunblane | 17 |
15 |
F | Committed suicide | ||
| 11 | Whitman, Charles Joseph, 25[a] | Aug 1 | 1966 | Austin, Texas | 16 |
31 |
FM | Killed by police Terminated a pregnancy One of the victims died in 2001; attributed to this event One more was injured while fleeing |
||
| 14 | Kozák, David, 24[a] | Dec 16–21 | 2023 | Prague | 16 |
25 |
F | Committed suicide
One more died indirectly. |
||
| 12 | Steinhäuser, Robert, 19 | April 26 | 2002 | Erfurt | 16 |
1 |
F | Committed suicide | ||
| 13 | Kretschmer, Tim, 17 | March 11 | 2009 | Winnenden and Wendlingen | 15 |
9 |
F | Committed suicide | ||
| 15 | Harris, Eric David, 18 Klebold, Dylan Bennet, 17 |
April 20 | 1999 | Columbine, Colorado | 14 |
20 |
F O | Both committed suicide. One of the victims died in 2025; attributed to this event |
||
| 16 | Lépine, Marc, 25 | Dec 6 | 1989 | Montreal, QC | 14 |
14 |
FM | Committed suicide | ||
| 17 | Soares dos Santos, Damião, 50 | Oct 5 | 2017 | Janaúba | 13
|
37
|
A | Committed suicide | ||
| 18 | Menezes de Oliveira, Wellington, 23 | April 7 | 2011 | Rio de Janeiro | 12 |
22 |
F | Committed suicide | ||
| 19 | Gadirov, Farda, 28 | April 30 | 2009 | Baku | 12 |
13 |
F | Committed suicide |
||
| 20 | Bai Ningyang, 18 (白宁阳) |
May 8 | 2006 | Shiguan | 12 |
5 |
MA | Sentenced to death and executed | ||
| 21 | Achleitner, Arthur, 21 | June 10 | 2025 | Graz | 10
|
30
|
F | Committed suicide | ||
| 22 | Seifert, Willi Walter, 42 | June 11 | 1964 | Cologne | 10 |
22 |
FM | Committed suicide | ||
| 23 | Pagourtzis, Dimitrios, 17 (accused) | May 18 | 2018 | Santa Fe, Texas | 10 |
13 |
F | Arrested | ||
| 24 | Kecmanović, Kosta, 13 | May 3 | 2023 | Belgrade | 10 |
6 |
F | Arrested | [24][25] | |
| 25 | Andersson, Rickard, 35 | Feb 4 | 2025 | Örebro | 10 |
6 |
F A | Committed suicide | ||
| 26 | Saari, Matti Juhani, 22 | Sep 23 | 2008 | Kauhajoki | 10 |
1 |
F A | Committed suicide Ten more were injured while fleeing |
||
| 27 | Galyaviev, Ilnaz Rinatovich, 19 (Галявиев, Ильназ Ринатович) |
May 11 | 2021 | Kazan | 9 |
23 |
F E | Sentenced to life imprisonment Twenty-four more were injured while fleeing |
||
| 28 | Zhao Zewei, 28 (赵泽伟) |
April 27 | 2018 | Yulin | 9 |
12 |
M | Sentenced to death and executed | [106] | |
| 29 | Wu Huanming, 47 (吴焕明) |
May 12 | 2010 | Linchang | 9 |
11 |
M | Committed suicide | ||
| 30 | Weise, Jeffrey James, 16[a] | March 21 | 2005 | Red Lake, Minnesota | 9 |
9 |
F | Committed suicide | ||
| 31 | Harper-Mercer, Christopher Sean, 26 | Oct 1 | 2015 | Roseburg, Oregon | 9 |
8 |
F | Committed suicide | ||
| 32 | Yan, Yanming, 21 (闫彦明) |
Nov 26 | 2004 | Ruzhou | 9 |
3 |
M | Sentenced to death and executed | [33] | |
| 27 | Van Rootselaar, Jesse, 18 | Feb 10 | 2026 | Tumbler Ridge, British Columbia | 8 |
27 |
F | Committed suicide | ||
| 33 | Xu, Jiajin, 21 | Nov 16 | 2024 | Yixing | 8 |
17 |
M | Arrested | ||
| 34 | Takuma, Mamoru, 37 (宅間守) |
June 8 | 2001 | Ikeda, Osaka | 8 |
15 |
M | Sentenced to death and executed | ||
| 35 | Ala Hisham Abu Dheim, 26 (علاء هاشم أبو دهيم) |
March 6 | 2008 | Jerusalem | 8 |
11 |
F | Killed by soldiers | ||
| 36 | Henrique de Castro, Luiz, 25 Taucci Monteiro, Guilherme, 17[a] |
March 13 | 2019 | Suzano | 8 |
11 |
FM | Henrique killed by Taucci Taucci committed suicide |
||
| 37 | Donchev, Branimir Delchev, 17 (Дончев, Бранимир Делчев) |
Dec 24 | 1974 | Durvenitsa | 8 |
8 |
FM | Incarcerated in a mental facility. Later shot and killed by officers in an escape attempt | [36] | |
| 38 | Zheng Minsheng, 41 (郑民生) |
March 23 | 2010 | Nanping | 8 |
5 |
M | Sentenced to death and executed | [107] | |
| 39 | Yu Hua, 40 (於華) |
Sep 2 | 2019 | Baiyangping | 8 |
2 |
M | Sentenced to death and executed | [108] | |
| 40 | Auvinen, Pekka-Eric, 18 | Nov 7 | 2007 | Jokela | 8 |
1 |
F A | Committed suicide Twelve more were injured while fleeing |
||
| 41 | Mikhail Tselousov (Целоусов, Михаил), 24 | Feb 11 | 1958 | Lyamino, Perm Krai | 7
|
6
|
F | Sentenced to death and executed | [43][44] | |
| 42 | U Win-maung | March 26 | 1975 | Kachin | 7 |
5 |
M | Killed by police | [46] | |
| 43 | Wang Xiangjun (王湘军) | April 1 | 1996 | Meitian | 7 |
5 |
M | Arrested | [47] | |
| 44 | Goh, One L., 43 | April 2 | 2012 | Oakland, California | 7 |
3 |
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | ||
| 45 | Bekmansurov, Timur Maratovich, 18 (Бекмансуров, Тимур Маратович) | Sep 20 | 2021 | Perm | 6 |
23 |
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | ||
| 46 | Lee Chi Hang, 28[a] (李志衡) |
June 3 | 1982 | Sham Shui Po | 6 |
37 |
M | Found not guilty by reason of insanity | ||
| 47 | Mohammed Ahmad Misleh al-Nazari, 48 | March 30 | 1997 | Sana'a | 6 |
12 |
F | Sentenced to death and executed | [109] | |
| 48 | Roberts, Charles Carl, 32 | Oct 2 | 2006 | Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania | 6 |
4 |
F | Committed suicide one of the victims died in 2024; attributed to this event |
||
| 49 | Fedorenko, Anatoly (Федоренко, Анатолий) |
May 19 | 1977 | Leningrad | 6 |
2 |
F | Sentenced to death and executed | [110] | |
| 50 | Lepnev, Sergei, 18 (Лепнев, Сергей) |
March 9 | 1997 | Kamyshin | 6 |
2 |
F | Sentenced to death, later changed to life imprisonment, later changed to 25 years in prison |
[111] | |
| 51 | Wu Moujie, 25 (吴某杰) |
July 10 | 2023 | Lianjiang, Guangdong | 6 |
1 |
M | Arrested | [112] | |
| 52 | Hale, Audrey Elizabeth, 28 | March 27 | 2023 | Nashville, Tennessee | 6 |
1 |
F | Killed by police
One more was injured indirectly |
||
| 53 | Purdy, Patrick Edward, 24 | Jan 17 | 1989 | Stockton, California | 5 |
32 |
F A | Committed suicide | ||
| 54 | Mohammed Fathi Farhat, 17 (محمد فتحي فرحات) |
March 7 | 2002 | Gush Katif, Gaza Strip | 5 |
23 |
F E | Killed by soldiers | [113] | |
| 55 | Kazmierczak, Steven Phillip, 27 | Feb 14 | 2008 | DeKalb, Illinois | 5 |
17 |
F | Committed suicide | ||
| 56 | Charva, Karel, 34 | June 3 | 1983 | Eppstein | 5 |
14 |
F | Committed suicide | [114] | |
| 57 | Golden, Andrew Douglas, 11 Johnson, Mitchell Scott, 13 |
March 24 | 1998 | Jonesboro, Arkansas | 5 |
10 |
F | Both were imprisoned until their 21st birthday | ||
| 68 | Fontaine, Randan Dakota, 17[a] | Jan 22 | 2016 | La Loche, SK | 5 |
6 |
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment One of the victims died in 2023; attributed to this event |
||
| 58 | Smith, Robert Benjamin, 18 | Nov 12 | 1966 | Mesa, Arizona | 5
|
2
|
MF | Sentenced to life imprisonment | ||
| 59 | Kipper Mai, Fabiano, 18 | May 4 | 2021 | Saudades | 5
|
1
|
M | Sentenced to 329 years and 4 months in prison | ||
| 60 | Spencer, Verlin, 37 | May 6 | 1940 | South Pasadena, California | 5
|
1
|
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | [69] | |
| 61 | Kinkel, Kipland Philip, 15[a] | May 20/21 | 1998 | Springfield, Oregon | 4 |
25 |
F | Sentenced to 111 years in prison | [115] | |
| 62 | Schmidt, Heinz Jakob Friedrich Ernst, 29 | June 20 | 1913 | Bremen | 4 |
21 |
F | Found not guilty by reason of insanity One more died trying to escape |
||
| 63 | Rodrigues Castiglioni, Gabriel, 16 | Nov 25 | 2022 | Aracruz | 4 |
12 |
F | Sentenced to 3 years' preventative detention Released in 2025 |
||
| 64 | Liu Hongwen, 28 (刘红文) |
Sep 30 | 2004 | Linwu County | 4 |
12 |
M | Found not guilty by reason of insanity | [116] | |
| 65 | De Gelder, Kim, 20 | Jan 16/23 | 2009 | Vrasene and Sint-Gillis-bij-Dendermonde | 4 |
12 |
M | Sentenced to life imprisonment | ||
| 66 | Houston, Eric Christopher, 20 | May 1 | 1992 | Olivehurst, California | 4 |
10 |
F | Sentenced to death | ||
| 67 | Gray, Colt, 14 (accused) | Sep 4 | 2024 | Winder, Georgia | 4 |
7 |
F | Arrested | [76] | |
| 69 | Crumbley, Ethan Robert, 15 | Nov 30 | 2021 | Oxford Township, Michigan | 4 |
7 |
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | ||
| 70 | Henrique de Lima, Luiz, 25 | April 5 | 2023 | Blumenau | 4
|
5
|
M | Sentenced to 220 years in prison | ||
| 71 | Bayar, Volkan, 37 | April 5 | 2018 | Eskişehir | 4
|
3
|
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | [117] | |
| 72 | Koryakov, Alexander, 19 | Feb 22 | 1999 | Gulbene | 4
|
1
|
M | Sentenced to life imprisonment | ||
| 73 | Fang Jiantang, 26 (方建堂) |
Aug 3 | 2010 | Zibo | 3–5 |
6–20 |
M | Sentenced to death and executed | [118] | |
| 74 | Riffo Sandoval, María Jesús, 48 | Oct 8 | 1975 | Angol | 3
|
40
|
P | Sentenced to 20 years in prison | [119] | |
| 75 | Wu Yechang, 25 (吴业昌) |
Sep 21 | 2012 | Pingnan County | 3 |
13 |
M | Sentenced to death and executed | [120] | |
| 76 | Barbaro, Anthony F., 17 | Dec 30 | 1974 | Olean, New York | 3 |
11 |
F E | Committed suicide while awaiting trial | ||
| 77 | Ławrynowicz, Stanisław, 22 Obrapalski, Janusz, 21 |
May 6 | 1925 | Wilno/Vilnius | 3 |
9 |
F E | Both committed suicide | ||
| 78 | Neves-Valente, Claudio Manuel, 48 | Dec 13/15 | 2025 | Providence, Rhode Island and Brookline, Massachusetts | 3
|
9
|
F | Committed Suicide | [121] | |
| 79 | Solich, Rafael, 15 | Sep 28 | 2004 | Carmen de Patagones | 3
|
5
|
F | Declared too young to be prosecuted | ||
| 80 | Bishop, Amy, 44 | Feb 12 | 2010 | Huntsville, Alabama | 3
|
3
|
F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | ||
| 81 | Lundin Petterson, Anton Niclas, 21 | Oct 22 | 2015 | Trollhättan | 3
|
2
|
M | Killed by police | ||
| 82 | Labus, Adam, 22 | Feb 19 | 2002 | Freising | 3
|
1
|
F | Committed suicide. | [122] | |
| 83 | Galaviz, Gabriel Alejandro, 20 | March 6 | 2024 | Guadalajara | 3
|
1
|
M | Later died by suicide while awaiting trial. | [123] | |
| 84 | Arancibia Navarro, Iván Jesus, 47[a] | Dec 17 | 1999 | Valparaíso | 3
|
0
|
F | Also attempted suicide. Found not guilty by reason of insanity. | ||
| 85 | Flores, Robert Stewart Jr., 41 | Oct 28 | 2002 | Tucson, Arizona | 3
|
0
|
F | Committed suicide. | ||
| 86 | Vukalić, Mehmed, 50 | Aug 21 | 2024 | Sanski Most | 3
|
0
|
F | Also attempted suicide. |
Abbreviations and footnotes
The W-column gives a basic description of the weapons used in the murders
- F – Firearms and other ranged weapons, especially rifles and handguns, but also bows and crossbows, grenade launchers, flamethrowers, or slingshot
- M – Melee weapons, like knives, swords, spears, machetes, axes, clubs, rods, rocks, or bare hands
- O – Any other weapons, such as bombs, hand grenades, Molotov cocktails, poison and poisonous gas, as well as vehicle and arson attacks
- A – indicates that an arson attack was the only other weapon used
- V – indicates that a vehicle was the only other weapon used
- E – indicates that explosives of any sort were the only other weapon used
- P – indicates that an anaesthetising or deadly substance of any kind was the only other weapon used (includes poisonous gas)
See also
- Attacks on schools during the Gaza war
- List of disasters in the United States by death toll
- List of school shootings in the United States (before 2000)
- List of school shootings in the United States (2000–present)
- List of school-related attacks
- School bullying
- School shooting
- School violence
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