Orlov (Russian: Орлов; masculine) or Orlova (Орлова; feminine) is a Russian surname derived from the noun орёл "eagle".^[1] It is shared by the following people:

• Orlov (family), a Russian noble family
• Aleksandr Orlov (disambiguation), several people
• Aleksey Orlov (politician) (b. 1961), Russian-Kalmyk politician
• Alexei Grigoryevich Orlov (1737-1808), Russian military leader
• Alina Orlova, Lithuanian singer-songwriter
• Andrey Orlov or Orlusha, Russian poet, and journalist
• Boris Orlov (disambiguation), several people
• Dal Orlov (1935–2021), Russian film critic, journalist, and screenwriter
• Dmitri Orlov, Russian hockey player
• Dmitry Orlov (disambiguation), several people
• Dorothy Orlov (mother of actor Paul Michael Glaser)
• Georgi Orlov (1884–1941), Russian-Estonian politician
• Igor Orlov, several people
• Ivan Orlov (aviator) (1895-1917), World War I flying ace
• Ivan Orlov (philosopher) (1886–1936), philosopher
• Jakob Orlov (b. 1985), Swedish footballer
• Janina Orlov (b. 1952), Finnish-Swedish translator
• Lyubov Orlova (1902–1975), Soviet actress
• Marina Orlova (actress), Russian actress
• Marina Orlova (YouTuber), YouTube celebrity philologist
• Mikhail Orlov (racewalker) (b. 1967), Russian race walker
• Natalya Orlova (born 1969), Russian politician
• Nikolay Orlov, several people
• Oleg Orlov (b. 1953), Russian biologist, post-Soviet human rights activist
• Raisa Orlova (1918-1989), Russian writer and American studies scholar
• Sergei Orlov (disambiguation), multiple people
• Svetlana Orlova (disambiguation), multiple people
• Vasily Orlov-Denisov (1775–1843), Russian cavalry general
• Vladimir Orlov (speed skater) (b. 1938), Russian speed skater
• Vladimir Aljakseevich Orlov (b. 1953), also known as Uładzimir Arłou, Belarusian historian, writer, politician, and poet
• Vladimir Mitrofanovich Orlov (1895–1938), Soviet military leader
• Yuri Orlov (1924–2020), Soviet nuclear physicist, dissident and a human rights activist

• Aleksandr Orlov, an anthropomorphic meerkat from the Compare the Meerkat advertising campaign
• Bo Orlov, a character in the Netflix series Grand Army
• General Orlov, a villain in the James Bond film Octopussy
• Georgiy Ivanych Orlov, a character in the Chekhov novella The Story of an Unknown Man.
• Yuri Orlov, arms dealer and central character of the film Lord of War

• Akvilev