Pilar is a feminine Spanish language given name, traditionally short for "Maria del Pilar". Notable people with the name include:

• Pilar Adón (born 1971), Spanish writer and translator
• Pilar Arlando (born 1989), Portuguese holder of the title of Miss World Singapore for 2009–2010
• Pilar Barbosa (1898–1997), Puerto Rican educator, historian and political activist
• Pilar Bardem (1939–2021), Spanish film and television actress
• Pilar Barreiro (born 1955), Spanish politician
• Pilar Bastardés, Spanish actress
• Pilar Bayer (born 1946), Spanish mathematician
• Pilar Cabot (1940–2017), Catalan writer
• Pilar Calveiro (born 1953), Argentine political scientist
• Pilar Calvo (born 1963), Catalan politician
• Pilar Campoy (born 1990), Argentine field hockey player
• Pilar Cattaneo (born 2007), Argentine gymnast
• Pilar De Biase (born 1996), Argentine field hockey player
• Pilar de Borbón (1936–2020), Infanta Pilar of Spain, Duchess of Badajoz
• Pilar del Castillo (born 1952), Spanish Member of the European Parliament
• Pilar de Lusarreta (1914–1967), Argentine author and critic
• Pilar Fuertes Ferragut (1962–2012), Spanish diplomat
• Pilar Geijo (born 1984), Argentine Marathon swimmer
• Pilar González i Duarte (born 1945), Spanish chemist
• Pilar Hidalgo (born 1979), Spanish female athlete
• Pilar Hidalgo-Lim (1893–1973), Filipino educator and civic leader
• Pilar Homem de Melo (born 1963), Portuguese singer-songwriter
• Pilar Khoury (born 1995), Lebanese footballer
• Pilar López de Ayala (born 1978), Spanish film actress
• Pilar López Júlvez (1912–2008), Spanish choreographer and ballerina
• Pilar Lorengar (1928–1996), Spanish soprano
• Pilar Manjón (born 1958), president of the association for the victims of 11-M (11 March 2004 Madrid train bombings)
• Pilar Mateos (born 1942), Spanish writer of children's literature
• Pilar Mazzetti (born 1946), Peruvian doctor who currently holds the title of Minister of the Interior
• Pilar Medina (born c. 1956), first Spanish delegate to win the Miss International title in 1977
• Pilar Miró (1940–1997), Spanish screenwriter and film director
• Pilar Montenegro (born 1969), Mexican Latin pop singer and actress
• Pilar Muñoz (1911–1980), Spanish actress of stage and film
• Pilar Muñoz, Spanish singer, member of the band Las Ketchup
• Pilar Nores de García (born 1949), Argentine economist
• Pilar Nouvilas i Garrigolas (1854-1938), Spanish painter
• Pilar Pallete (born 1936), Peruvian actress and third wife of the American film star John Wayne
• Pilar Paz Pasamar (1932–2019), Spanish poet and writer
• Pilar Pellicer (1938–2020), Mexican film actress
• Pilar Prades (1928-1959), last Spanish woman to be executed by garrote
• Pilar Rahola (born 1958), Spanish journalist, writer and former politician and MP
• Pilar Ramírez (1964–2017), Mexican synchronized swimmer
• Pilar Revuelta, Spanish film set decorator and art director
• Pilar Rioja (born 1932), Mexican dancer
• Pilar Roldán (born 1939), Mexican fencer
• Pilar Romang (born 1992), Argentine field hockey player
• Pilar Romero (born 1982), Argentine handball player
• Pilar Rubio (born 1978), Spanish reporter and TV presenter
• Pilar Ruiz-Lapuente (born 1964), Spanish astrophysicist working as a professor in University of Barcelona
• Pilar Seurat (1938–2001), Filipina-American film and television actress
• Pilar Vallugera (born 1967), Catalan politician
• Pilar Zabala Aguirre (born 1951), Spanish researcher, writer, and professor
• Pilar Zeta (born 1986), Argentine artist, graphic designer, and fashion designer

• Pilar Barrios (1889–1974), Uruguayan poet
• Pilar García (brigadier general) (born 1896), Cuban Chief of National Police in 1958 and 1959

• Pilar, from Ernest Hemingway's novel For Whom the Bell Tolls (also the name of his boat and nickname for his wife)
• Pilar Estravados from Agatha Christie' "Hercule Poirot's Christmas"
• Pilar, from Paulo Coelho's novel By the River Piedra I Sat Down and Wept
• Pilar, from the musical Legally Blonde (musical)
• Pilar Cortez, from the ABC television series Last Resort
• Pilar Ortega, from the CBS nighttime soap opera Falcon Crest
• Pilar Lopez-Fitzgerald, from the NBC/DirecTV soap opera Passions
• Pilar Reed, from the SyFy television series Eureka
• Pilar Ternera, from the novel One Hundred Years of Solitude
• Pilar, a doll in the Groovy Girls line by Manhattan Toy
• Pilar Zuazo, from the Showtime dark comedy series Weeds
• Pilar, from Margaret Atwood's novel The Year of the Flood
• Pilar Dunoff, from Argentine soap opera Rebelde Way
• Pilar, from Emeric Pressburger's Killing a Mouse on Sunday'