1989 Indian general election in Kerala

1989 Indian general election
← 1984
November 1989
1991 →
20 seats
  First party Second party
 
Leader K. Karunakaran E. K. Nayanar
Party INC CPI(M)
Alliance UDF LDF
Leader's seat - -
Last election 18 2
Seats won 17 3
Seat change Decrease 1 Increase 1
Percentage 49.29% 42.93%
Prime Minister before election

Rajiv Gandhi
INC

Prime Minister after election

Vishwanath Pratap Singh
JD

The 1989 Indian general election were held to elect 20 members to the ninth Lok Sabha from Kerala.[1] Indian National Congress (INC)-led United Democratic Front (UDF) won 17 seats while Left Democratic Front (LDF), led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) won the remaining 3 seats.[2] Turnout for the election was at 79.30%[3] In the Lok Sabha, INC won plurality of seats, however Janata Dal (JD), led by V. P. Singh formed the government, albeit a short-lived one, with support from BJP and CPI(M).

Alliances and parties

UDF is a Kerala legislative alliance formed by INC veteran K. Karunakaran. LDF comprises primarily of CPI(M) and the CPI, forming the Left Front in the national level. Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) contested in 19 seats.[4]

United Democratic Front

No. Party Election Symbol Seats contested
1. Indian National Congress 17
2. Indian Union Muslim League 2
3. Kerala Congress (M) 1

Left Democratic Front

No. Party Election Symbol Seats contested
1. Communist Party of India (Marxist)
Key
Key
 10
2. Communist Party of India
Star
Star
 3
3. Indian Congress (Socialist) - Sarat Chandra Singha 1
4. Independents 3
5. Janata Dal 1
6. Revolutionary Socialist Party 1
7. Kerala Congress 1

Bharatiya Janata Party

No. Party Election Symbol Seats contested
1. Bharatiya Janata Party 19

List of Candidates

Constituency UDF LDF BJP
No. Name Party Candidate Party Candidate Party Candidate
1 Kasaragod INC I. Rama Rai CPI(M) Ramanna Rai BJP C. K. Padmanabhan
2 Cannanore INC Mullappally Ramachandran CPI(M) P. Sasi BJP Palliyara Raman
3 Badagara INC A. Sujanapal INS(SCS) K. P. Unnikrishnan BJP P. K. Krishnadas
4 Calicut INC K. Muraleedharan CPI(M) E. K. Imbichibava BJP P. S. Sreedharan Pillai
5 Manjeri IUML Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait Ind. K. V. Salahuddin BJP Ahalya Sankar
6 Ponnani IUML G. M. Banatwala CPI M. Rahmathulia BJP Janachandran Master
7 Palghat INC V. S. Vijayaraghavan CPI(M) A. Vijayaraghavan BJP T. Chandrasekharan
8 Ottapalam (SC) INC K. R. Narayanan CPI(M) Lenin Rajendran BJP Lakshmanan
9 Trichur INC P. A. Antony CPI Meenakshi Thampan BJP K. V. Sreedharan Master
10 Mukundapuram INC Savithri Lakshmanan CPI(M) C. O. Poulose Master BJP K. K. Gangadharan Master
11 Ernakulam INC K. V. Thomas Ind. Padmanabhan Subramanian Poti BJP A. N. Radhakrishnan
12 Muvattupuzha KC(M) P. C. Thomas KEC P. J. Joseph BJP P. J. Thomas
13 Kottayam INC Ramesh Chennithala CPI(M) K. Suresh Kurup BJP Ettumanoor Radhakrishnan
14 Idukki INC Palai K. M. Mathew CPI(M) M. C. Josephine BJP M. N. Jayachandran
15 Alleppey INC Vakkom Purushothaman CPI(M) K. V. Devadas BJP K. D. Ramakrishnan
16 Mavelikara INC P. J. Kurien JD Thampan Thomas BJP Prathapachandra Verma
17 Adoor (SC) INC Kodikunnil Suresh CPI N. Rajan BJP E. K. Sasidharan
18 Quilon INC S. Krishna Kumar RSP Babu Divakaran BJP P. K. S. Rajeev
19 Chirayinkil INC Thalekunnil Basheer CPI(M) Susheela Gopalan BJP V. N. Gopalakrishnan Nair
20 Trivandrum INC A. Charles Ind. O. N. V. Kurup BJP P. Asok Kumar

List of elected MPs

[5]

No. Constituency Name of Elected M.P. Party affiliation
1 Kasaragod Ramanna Rai CPI(M)
2 Kannur Mullappally Ramachandran INC
3 Vatakara K. P. Unnikrishnan ICS(SCS)
4 Kozhikode K. Muraleedharan INC
5 Manjeri G.M. Banatwalia IUML
6 Ponnani Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait IUML
7 Palakkad A. Vijayaraghavan CPI(M)
8 Ottapalam K. R. Narayanan INC
9 Thrissur P. A. Antony INC
10 Mukundapuram Savitri Lakshmanan INC
11 Ernakulam K. V. Thomas INC
12 Muvattupuzha P. C. Thomas KC(M)
13 Kottayam Ramesh Chennithala INC
14 Idukki K. M. Mathew INC
15 Alappuzha Vakkom Purushothaman INC
16 Mavelikkara P. J. Kurien INC
17 Adoor Kodikunnil Suresh INC
18 Kollam S. Krishna Kumar INC
19 Chirayankil Thalekunnil Basheer INC
20 Thiruvananthapuram A. Charles INC

Results

Performance of political parties

[6]

Vote Share by alliance
  1. UDF (49.3%)
  2. LDF (42.9%)
  3. BJP (4.51%)
  4. Other (3.27%)
No. Party Political Front Seats Votes %Votes ±pp
1 Indian National Congress UDF 14 62,18,850 41.70% Increase8.43
2 Communist Party of India (Marxist) LDF 2 34,11,227 22.87% Increase0.60
3 Communist Party of India LDF 0 9,24,994 6.20% Decrease1.17
4 Indian Union Muslim League UDF 2 7,80,322 5.23% Decrease0.06
5 Bharatiya Janata Party 0 6,72,613 4.51% Increase2.76
6 Indian Congress (Socialist) - Sarat Chandra Singha LDF 1 3,70,434 2.48% Decrease1.90
7 Revolutionary Socialist Party LDF 0 3,59,393 2.41% new
8 Kerala Congress (M) UDF 1 3,52,191 2.36% new
9 Janata Dal LDF 0 2,77,682 1.86% new
10 Kerala Congress LDF 0 68,811 0.46% Decrease1.91
11 Janata Party none 0 38,492 0.26% Increase1.87
12 Bahujan Samaj Party none 0 17,762 0.12% new
13 Deseeya Karshaka Party none 0 3,059 0.02% new
14 Socialist Unity Centre of India none 0 2,151 0.01% new
Independents 0 14,14,560 9.49% Increase2.40

By constituency

[7]

No. Constituency UDF candidate Votes % Party LDF candidate Votes % Party BJP / Other candidate Votes % Party Winning alliance Margin
1 Kasaragod I. Rama Rai 3,57,177 44.5% INC M. Rammana Rai 3,58,723 44.7% CPI(M) C. K. Padmanabhan 69,419 8.6% BJP LDF 1,546
2 Kannur Mullappally Ramachandran 3,91,042 50.1% INC P. Sasi 3,48,638 44.6% CPI(M) Palliyara Raman 31,266 4.0% BJP UDF 42,404
3 Vatakara A. Sujanapal 3,62,225 45.5% INC K. P. Unnikrishnan 3,70,434 46.5% ICS(SCS) P. K. Krishnadas 45,558 5.7% BJP LDF 8,209
4 Kozhikode K. Muraleedharan 3,77,858 47.9% INC E. K. Imbichibava 3,48,901 44.3% CPI(M) P. S. Sreedharan Pillai 49,696 6.3% BJP UDF 28,957
5 Manjeri Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait 4,01,975 49.6% IUML K. V. Salahuddin 3,31,693 40.9% IND Ahalya Sankar 51,634 7.0% BJP UDF 70,282
6 Ponnani G. M. Banatwalia 3,78,347 53.2% IUML M. Rahmathulia 2,70,828 38.1% CPI K. Janachandran 48,892 6.9% BJP UDF 1,07,519
7 Palakkad V. S. Vijayaraghavan 3,47,115 46.8% INC A. Vijayaraghavan 3,48,401 47.0% CPI(M) T. Chandrasekharan 27,220 3.7% BJP LDF 1,286
8 Ottapalam K. R. Narayanan 3,50,683 48.5% INC Lenin Rajendran 3,24,496 44.9% CPI(M) Lakshmanan 32,892 4.5% BJP UDF 26,187
9 Thrissur P. A. Antony 3,38,271 47.0% INC Meenakshi Thampan 3,32,036 46.2% CPI K. V. Sreedharan 38,205 5.3% BJP UDF 6,235
10 Mukundapuram Savithri Lakshmanan 3,67,931 48.5% INC C. O. Poulose 3,49,177 46.0% CPI(M) K. K. Gangadharan 28,781 3.8% BJP UDF 18,754
11 Ernakulam K. V. Thomas 3,85,176 49.6% INC P. Subramnoian Poti 3,48,711 44.9% IND A. N. Radhakrishnan 29,162 3.8% BJP UDF 36,465
12 Muvattupuzha P. C. Thomas 3,52,191 48.1% KC(M) P. J. Joseph 68,811 9.4% KEC C. Poulose 2,83,380 38.7% IND UDF 68,811
13 Kottayam Ramesh Chennithala 3,84,809 51.1% INC K. Suresh Kurup 3,31,276 44.0% CPI(M) Ettumanoor Radhakrishnan 18,449 2.5% BJP UDF 53,533
14 Idukki K. M. Mathew 3,98,516 53.4% INC M. C. Josephine 3,07,037 41.1% CPI(M) M. N. Jayachandran 25,354 3.4% BJP UDF 91,479
15 Alappuzha Vakkom Purushotham 3,75,763 50.0% INC K. V. Devadas 3,50,640 46.7% CPI(M) K. D. Ramakrishnan 15,127 2.0% BJP UDF 25,123
16 Mavelikkara P. J. Kurian 3,34,864 50.9% INC Thampan Thomas 2,77,682 42.2% JD Prathapachandra Verma 30,229 4.6% BJP UDF 57,182
17 Adoor Kodikunnil Suresh 3,43,672 49.6% INC N. Rajan 3,22,130 46.5% CPI E. K. Sasidharan 17,123 2.5% BJP UDF 21,542
18 Kollam S. Krishnakumar 3,86,855 49.9% INC Babu Divakaran 3,59,393 46.4% RSP P. K. S. Rajeev 16,202 2.1% IND UDF 27,462
19 Chirayinkil Thalekunnil Basheer 3,49,068 47.8% INC Susheela Gopalan 3,43,938 47.1% CPI(M) V. N. Gopalakrishnan Nair 23,049 3.2% BJP UDF 5,130
20 Trivandrum A. Charles 3,67,825 48.6% INC O. N. V. Kurup 3,16,912 41.9% IND P. Asok Kumar 56,046 7.4% BJP UDF 50,913

See also

References

allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989_Indian_general_election_in_Kerala