List of endangered languages in Indonesia

Language Endangerment Status
Extinct (EX)
Endangered
Safe
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Other categories

Related topics

UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger category
UNESCO Atlas of the World's
Languages in Danger categories

An endangered language is a language that it is at risk of falling out of use, generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its native speakers, it becomes an extinct language. UNESCO defines four levels of language endangerment between "safe" (not endangered) and "extinct":[1]

  • Vulnerable
  • Definitely endangered
  • Severely endangered
  • Critically endangered
Language Family Locations Status Speakers Ref
Alune language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Vulnerable 17,000  [2]
Amahai language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered 50  [2]
Ampibabo Lauje language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 44,000  [2]
Andio language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 335  [2]
Anus language[1] Austronesian  Papua Severely endangered 320  [2]
Aputai language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered 11,000  [2]
Arguni language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable 300  [2]
As language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable 5–6  [2]
Auye language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Vulnerable 600  [2]
Awera language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Vulnerable 70  [2]
Awyi language[1] Border  Papua Vulnerable 350  [2]
Bahonsuai language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered 200  [2]
Baleasang language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered 3,200  [2]
Baras language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Severely endangered 430,000  [2]
Bedoanas language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable 180  [2]
Benggoi language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered 350  [2]
Besoa language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 10,000  [2]
Biak language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable 70,000  [2]
Boano language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 2,700  [2]
Bonerif[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Critically endangered 200  [2]
Bonggo language[1] Austronesian  Papua Severely endangered 790  [2]
Budong-Budong language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Critically endangered 180  [2]
Burate language[1] East Cendrawasih  Papua Severely endangered 100  [2]
Busoa language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 2,300  [2]
Dabra language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Vulnerable 300  [2]
Dakka language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 1,000  [2]
Damal language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Vulnerable 14,000  [2]
Dampelas language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered 2,000  [2]
Demisa language[1] East Cendrawasih  Papua Definitely endangered 400  [2]
Dondo language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 13,000  [2]
Doutai language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Severely endangered 70  [2]
Dubu language[1] Pauwasi  Papua Vulnerable 220  [2]
Duriankere language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Critically endangered 0  [2]
Dusner language[1] Austronesian  Papua Critically endangered 3  [2]
Emplawas language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered 250  [2]
Enggano language[1] Austronesian  Sumatra Vulnerable 700  [2]
Erokwanas language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable <200  [2]
Fayu language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Vulnerable 1,400  [2]
Foya language[1] Language isolate  Papua Critically endangered 300  [2]
Gebe language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Vulnerable 2,700  [2]
Gorap language[1] Malay creole  Maluku Definitely endangered 1,000  [2]
Helong language[1] Austronesian  Nusa Tenggara Severely endangered 14,000  [2]
Hoti language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered 0  [2]
Hulung language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered <10  [2]
Ibu language[1] West Papuan  Maluku Critically endangered 12,000  [2]
Iresim language[1] Austronesian  Papua Severely endangered 70  [2]
Isirawa language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Vulnerable 1,800  [2]
Itik language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Vulnerable 80  [2]
Javindo Creole language[1] Dutch creole  Java Critically endangered 10–99  [2]
Kadai language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered 4,900  [2]
Kaibobo language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered 500  [2]
Kaiy language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Vulnerable 220  [2]
Kalao language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered 500  [2]
Kamarian language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered 0  [2]
Kao language[1] West Papuan  Maluku Definitely endangered 1,250  [2]
Kapori language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Critically endangered 200  [2]
Karas language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Severely endangered 100  [2]
Kayupulau language[1] Austronesian  Papua Critically endangered 50  [2]
Keder language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Severely endangered 370  [2]
Kembra language[1] Pauwasi  Papua Critically endangered 20  [2]
Kodeoha language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 1,500  [2]
Kofei language[1] East Cendrawasih  Papua Severely endangered 100  [2]
Koneraw language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Vulnerable 1,200  [2]
Koroni language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered 23,000  [2]
Kowiai language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable 600  [2]
Kwansu language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Vulnerable 500  [2]
Kwerisa language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Critically endangered 15  [2]
Laiyolo language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered 800  [2]
Lauje language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 44,000  [2]
Legenyem language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable 250  [2]
Lemolang language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 2,000  [2]
Lengilu language[1] Austronesian  Kalimantan Critically endangered 3  [2]
Liki language[1] Austronesian  Papua Critically endangered 11  [2]
Lisela language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Vulnerable 11,900  [2]
Lola language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Vulnerable 900  [2]
Lolak language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Critically endangered <50  [2]
Lom language[1] Austronesian  Sumatra Critically endangered 340,000  [2]
Loun language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered 0  [2]
Mander language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Critically endangered 200  [2]
Mansim language[1] West Papuan  Papua Critically endangered 50  [2]
Maremgi language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Definitely endangered 0  [2]
Massep language[1] Language isolate  Papua Critically endangered 25  [2]
Momuna language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Vulnerable 2,000  [2]
Mor language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Severely endangered 700  [2]
Moraori language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Severely endangered 50  [2]
Napu language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 6,100  [2]
Narau language[1] Kaure–Kosare  Papua Severely endangered 450  [2]
Nila language (Seram Island), Nila[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered 0  [2]
Nusa Laut language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered 0  [2]
Obokuitai language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Vulnerable 120  [2]
Oirata language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Maluku Definitely endangered 1,200  [2]
Onin language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable 500  [2]
Ormu language[1] Austronesian  Papua Vulnerable 500  [2]
Padoe language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 5,000  [2]
Palu'e language[1] Austronesian  Nusa Tenggara Definitely endangered 10,000  [2]
Panasuan language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered 800  [2]
Paulohi language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Critically endangered 50  [2]
Pauwi language[1] Lower Mamberamo  Papua Vulnerable 200  [2]
Peco' Creole language[1] Dutch Creole  Java Critically endangered 0  [2]
Pendau language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 4,000  [2]
Pyu language[1] Language isolate  Papua Severely endangered 250  [2]
Rahambuu language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 350  [2]
Salas language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Severely endangered 50  [2]
Saluan language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 76,000  [2]
Saparua language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered 1500  [2]
Saponi language[1] Language isolate  Papua Critically endangered 4  [2]
Sause language[1] Tor–Kwerba  Papua Severely endangered 250  [2]
Senggi language[1] Border  Papua Vulnerable 250  [2]
Serili language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Vulnerable 330  [2]
Sobei language[1] Austronesian  Papua Definitely endangered 1,000  [2]
Taba language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Vulnerable 20,000+  [2]
Taikat language[1] Border  Papua Definitely endangered 500  [2]
Taje language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Critically endangered 350  [2]
Tajio language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 12,000  [2]
Taloki language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered 23,000  [2]
Talondo language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered 1,200  [2]
Tarpia language[1] Austronesian  Papua Severely endangered 630  [2]
Tause language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Vulnerable 500  [2]
Taworta language[1] Lakes Plain  Papua Vulnerable 300  [2]
Te'un language (Seram Island)[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered 1,200  [2]
Tialo language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 30,000  [2]
Tobati language[1] Austronesian  Papua Severely endangered 100  [2]
Tofanma language[1] Pauwasi  Papua Vulnerable 250  [2]
Tomadino language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered 600  [2]
Tombelala language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 1,100  [2]
Toratán language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered 500  [2]
Totoli language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 25,000  [2]
Uhunduni language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Vulnerable 14,000  [2]
Ujir language[1] Austronesian  Maluku Definitely endangered 1,000  [2]
Usku language[1] Pauwasi  Papua Critically endangered 20–160  [2]
Wano language[1] Trans–New Guinea  Papua Definitely endangered 1,000  [2]
Wari language[1] Austronesian  Papua Definitely endangered 150  [2]
Waru language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Definitely endangered 350  [2]
Woria language[1] East Cendrawasih  Papua Critically endangered 5  [2]
Wotu language[1] Austronesian  Sulawesi Vulnerable 500  [2]
Yoki language[1] Lower Mamberamo  Papua Severely endangered 200  [2]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg Moseley, Christopher, ed. (2010). Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. Memory of Peoples (3rd ed.). Paris: UNESCO Publishing. ISBN 978-92-3-104096-2. Retrieved 2015-04-11.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef Lewis, M. Paul; Gary F. Simons; Charles D. Fennig, eds. (2015). Ethnologue: Languages of the World (18th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International.