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Istami expanded his empire towards west(Khorasan-Transoxiana) in 569-571 it was called "Khorasan expedition". Turks expanded their empire towards North Caucasian territories which were in control of Avars after defeating the Avars, they were able to attack the Sassanids with great force. Resulting in capture of Eastern provinces of Iran and Azerbaijan by Gokturks. My sources are Menander Protector, Continatio Historiae Agathiae(pg. 236-237) and Lev Gumilyov's Ancient Turks(1964), Masson E. Fragmenti, p. 50, Lajos Ligeti's The Unknown Inner Asia p. 61-62 Ayberkthexan (talk) 16:03, 15 December 2024 (UTC)[reply]