Mather or Mathers is a Scottish surname, first documented in Kincardineshire, Scotland.^[1][2] and may refer to:

• Alonzo C. Mather (1848–1941), president of the Mather Stock Car Company
• Barrie-Jon Mather (born 1973), Great Britain and England international rugby league and rugby union player
• Barry Mather (1909–1982), Canadian journalist
• Bruce Mather (born 1939), Canadian composer
• Cameron Mather (born 1973), Scottish international rugby union player
• Carol Mather (1919–2006), British Army officer and Conservative Member of Parliament
• Cotton Mather (1663–1728), Puritan minister
• David Mather (cricketer) (born 1975), English cricketer
• Elizabeth Mather (1815–1882), American writer
• Evan Mather (born 1970), American landscape architect, urban designer and filmmaker
• Fred Mather (1833–1900), United States pisciculturist
• Frederic Gregory Mather (1844–1925), United States journalist
• Frank Jewett Mather (1868–1953), American art critic
• George R. Mather (1911–1993), American four-star general
• Hiram F. Mather (1796–1868), New York politician
• Increase Mather (1639–1723), Puritan minister
• James Mather (politician) (1750–1821), Mayor of New Orleans
• Jim Mather (born 1947), Scottish politician
• Joe Mather (born 1982), American baseball player
• John Mather (disambiguation), several people
• Keir Mather (born 1998), British politician
• Kenneth Mather (1911–1990), British geneticist
• Kevin Mather, American baseball executive and accountant
• Kevin Mather (archer) (born 1982), American archer and skier
• Kirtley F. Mather (1888–1978), American geologist
• Malcolm B. Mather (1898–1980), British aerial observer
• Margrethe Mather (1886–1939), American photographer and painter
• Melissa Mather, Australian physicist
• Moses Mather (1719–1806), Connecticut clergyman
• Mysterious Dave Mather (1851–unknown), American gunfighter
• Patricia Mather (1925–2012), Australian zoologist
• Percy C. Mather (1884–1933), British missionary to China
• Richard Mather (1596–1669), American Congregational clergyman
• Richard B. Mather (1913–2014), American Sinologist
• Richard Henry Mather (1835–1890), American professor of Greek at Amherst College
• Ronald Mather (1927–2011), English rugby league footballer of the 1950s for Lancashire, and Wigan
• Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers (1854–1918), British occultist
• Stephen Mather (1867–1930), American industrialist, conservationist, and first director of the National Park Service
• Weslyn Mather (1945–2015), Canadian politician
• William G. Mather (1857–1951), head of the Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company
• William Williams Mather (1804–1859), United States geologist

• Lowell Mather, sitcom character