Original file (SVG file, nominally 27,314 × 21,165 pixels, file size: 114 KB)
Summary
| Description |
English: The diagram compares three different options of operating passenger cars:
- battery electric vehicles charged directly with renewable electricity - battery electric vehicles charged indirectly with renewable electricity by first converting electricity into synthetic methane and later burning that synthetic methane in a combined-cycle gas turbine power plant with cogeneration of heat and power - internal combustion engine vehicles using electrofuels produced from renewable electricity Efficiencies for the individual energy conversion steps were taking from the following sources: - thermal and electric efficiency of new combined-cycle gas turbine power plants with cogeneration of heat and power: Prognos AG: Evaluierung der Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung; Analysen zur Entwicklung der Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung in einem Energiesystem mit hohem Anteil erneuerbarer Energien, Berlin 2019; https://stiftung-umweltenergierecht.de/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/evaluierung-der-kraft-waerme-kopplung.pdf , p.24 (calculated from total efficiency and power-to-heat ratio) - efficiency of district heating grids: Abdul Rehman Mazhar et al.: A state of art review on district heating systems. In: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. Band 96, 2018, S. 420–439, doi:10.1016/j.rser.2018.08.005 (Summarizing the bandwidth mentioned in that publication to the assumption of 10% loss = 90% efficiency) - efficiencies of all other energy conversion steps: Agora Verkehrswende, Agora Energiewende und Frontier Economics (2018): Die zukünftigen Kosten strombasierter synthetischer Brennstoffe; https://www.agora-energiewende.de/fileadmin/Projekte/2017/SynKost_2050/Agora_SynCost-Studie_WEB.pdf , p.12 "Mostly useless waste heat" means waste heat emitted by the vehicle in motion and waste heat from energy conversion processes like elektrolysis or synthesis of methane resp. electrofuels emerging at low temperature level and/or during peak hours of photovoltaic generation outside the heating season. These calculations do not take into consideration the reduction of energy demand of battery electric vehicles by recuperative braking, increase of energy demand of battery electric vehicles because of more weight compared to internal combustion engine vehicles and different energy demand for heating and air conditioning in the vehicle. |
| Date | |
| Source | Own work |
| Author | Harald2906 |
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| Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| current | 21:36, 7 January 2025 | | 27,314 × 21,165 (114 KB) | Harald2906 | Uploaded own work with UploadWizard |
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