The Subterraneans (film)

The Subterraneans
Film poster by Joseph Smith
Directed byRanald MacDougall
Written byRobert Thom
Based onnovel by Jack Kerouac
Produced byArthur Freed
StarringGeorge Peppard
Leslie Caron
Roddy McDowall
Janice Rule
CinematographyJoseph Ruttenberg
Edited byBen Lewis
Music byAndre Previn
Distributed byMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Release date
  • 1960 (1960)
Running time
89 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$1,407,000[1]
Box office$765,000[1]

The Subterraneans is a 1960 American drama film directed by Ranald MacDougall based on the 1958 novel of the same name by Jack Kerouac.

Plot

Leo is a 28-year-old novelist who still lives at home with his mother. One night he stumbles upon some beatniks at a coffee house. He falls in love with the beautiful but unstable Mardou Fox.

Roxanne warns Mardou away from Leo, who says his love for her is causing him writer's block. Mardou falls pregnant. She and Leo wind up together.

Cast

Production

The novel was optioned by Arthur Freed of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer as a possible follow up to Some Came Running. Like that film, it was originally intended to star Dean Martin.[2] Nicole Maurey was announced to play the female lead.[3]

In May 1959 it was announced Dennis and Terry Sanders were going to make the film.[4]

Eventually George Peppard and Leslie Caron were signed. Roddy McDowall also joined the cast, his first film in nine years.[5] Janice Rule was then married to Robert Thom, who wrote the script.[6][7] Jim Hutton had just been put under contract to MGM.[8]

This adaptation changed the African American character Mardou Fox, Kerouac's love interest, to a young French girl (played by Leslie Caron) to better pacify racists. While it was derided and vehemently criticized by Allen Ginsberg, among others, for its two-dimensional characters, it is an example of the way Hollywood attempted to exploit the emerging popularity of Beat culture as it grew in San Francisco and Greenwich Village, New York, without really understanding it.

A Greenwich Village beatnik bar setting had been used for scenes in Richard Quine's film Bell, Book and Candle (1958), but Ranald MacDougall's adaptation of Kerouac's novel, scripted by Robert Thom, was less successful.

The Subterraneans was one of the final films Arthur Freed produced for MGM and features a score by André Previn and brief appearances by jazz singer Carmen McRae singing "Coffee Time," and saxophonists Gerry Mulligan, as a street priest, and Art Pepper. Comedian Arte Johnson plays the Gore Vidal character, here named Arial Lavalerra.

According to film historian Hugh Fordin in his 1975 study of the Freed Unit, the version of the film that first previewed at the Encino Theater on January 20, 1960, was drastically different from the version that was later released by the studio, and one that "showed the confusion, the disorientation, and the frustration of the new breed of young people. Anyone with an open mind could understand what motivated them, what made them so alienated. But The Subterraneans was slashed to pieces and made totally incomprehensible. Although there was no problems with the censors, (MGM head editor) Margaret Booth proceeded to mutlitate the film beyond recognition, in an effort to protect the healthy roar of Leo the Lion, and to uphold the "American image."[9]

Reception

Box-office

According to MGM records, the film closed production on October 23, 1959 at a final cost of $931,724.93.[9] It earned only $340,000 in the US and Canada and $425,000 elsewhere resulting, after other studio costs were included, in a loss of $1,311,000.[1]

Critical

According to Filmink "I completely buy Peppard’s performance in this movie as a self-loathing, boozy aspiring writer, who gets consumed by his passions… after all, he was that in real life to a certain degree (he’s certainly better cast than Roddy McDowall and Jim Hutton as beatniks). But the film just feels silly."[10]

Musical score and soundtrack

The Subterraneans
Soundtrack album by
André Previn
Released1960
RecordedSeptember 2, 1959, and January 11 & 12 and February 3, 1960
MGM Studios, Culver City, CA
GenreFilm score
LabelMGM
SE 3812 ST
André Previn chronology
West Side Story
(1959) 		The Subterraneans
(1960) 		Like Previn!
(1960)
Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllmusicStarStarStarHalf star[11]

The film score was composed, arranged and conducted by André Previn, with the motion picture also featuring Previn's jazz trio. The soundtrack album was released on the MGM label in 1960.[12]

AllMusic's Jason Ankeny observed: "André Previn had the good sense to recruit cool jazz giants including Gerry Mulligan, Russ Freeman, and Dave Bailey to perform his Subterraneans score: jazz not only fueled Kerouac's work, but his prose sought to evoke the rhythms and energy of bebop. Indeed, this music comes far closer to accurately capturing Kerouac's writing than any of the film's dialogue. Previn also deserves credit for articulating the sadness of the original novel, deftly combining horns and strings to create a score that is dark and emotive".[11]

Track listing

All compositions by André Previn except as indicated

  1. "Why Are We Afraid" (Previn, Dory Langan) – 1:57
  2. "Guido's Blackhawk" – 3:05
  3. "Two by Two" – 4:00
  4. "Bread and Wine" – 4:12
  5. "Coffee Time" (Harry Warren, Arthur Freed) – 2:43
  6. "A Rose and the End" – 3:24
  7. "Should I" (Nacio Herb Brown, Freed) – 2:28
  8. "Look Ma, No Clothes" – 1:32
  9. "Things are Looking Down" – 5:39
  10. "Analyst" – 4:19
  11. "Like Blue" – 1:58
  12. "Raising Caen" – 3:02

Personnel

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c The Eddie Mannix Ledger, Los Angeles: Margaret Herrick Library, Center for Motion Picture Study.
  2. ^ Martin Will Star in 'Subterraneans': Freed Plans Modern Jazz Tale; Martha Hyer Sought for 'Dolls' Scott, John L. Los Angeles Times December 8, 1958: C15.
  3. ^ FILMLAND EVENTS: Nicole Maurey Will Confer With MGM Los Angeles Times June 6, 1959: C3.
  4. ^ "Producers of 'Crime and Funishment, U.S.A.' Plan Art Houses as Trailer". Variety. May 6, 1959. p. 4.
  5. ^ McDowall Paged for 'Inherit' Los Angeles Times September 11, 1959: B8.
  6. ^ anice Rule Stars in Husband's Play: 'Earthly Paradise' Is Title; Jourdan One of Viertel Three Scheuer, Philip K. Los Angeles Times September 25, 1959: A11.
  7. ^ McDowall Returns to Play Beatnik Alpert, Don. Los Angeles Times October 11, 1959: E2.
  8. ^ Vagg, Stephen (August 20, 2025). "Not Quite Movie Stars: Jim Hutton". Filmink. Retrieved August 20, 2025.
  9. ^ a b Fordin, Hugh (1975). The World of Entertainment: The Freed Unit at MGM. New York: Avon Books. pp. 502–503. ISBN 0-380-00754-1.
  10. ^ Vagg, Stephen (December 29, 2024). "Movie Star Cold Streaks: George Peppard". Filmink. Retrieved December 29, 2024.
  11. ^ a b Ankeny, Jason. The Subterraneans – Review at AllMusic. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
  12. ^ Callahan, M., Edwards, D., Eyries, P. & Preuss, P. MGM Album Discography, Part 6: E-3801 to E-4000 (1960–1962) accessed February 26, 2016
  • 1958. The Subterraneans, ISBN 0-8021-3186-7

Further reading

allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Subterraneans_(film)