Eng or engma (capital: Ŋ, lowercase: ŋ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, used to represent a velar nasal (as in English singing) in the written form of some languages and in the International Phonetic Alphabet.

In Washo, lower-case ⟨ŋ⟩ represents a typical [ŋ] sound, while upper-case ⟨Ŋ⟩ represents a voiceless [ŋ̊] sound. This convention comes from Americanist phonetic notation.

The First Grammatical Treatise, a 12th-century work on the phonology of the Old Icelandic language, uses a single grapheme for the eng sound, shaped like a g with a stroke ⟨g⟩. Alexander Gill the Elder uses an uppercase G with a hooked tail and a lowercase n with the hooked tail of a script g ⟨ŋ⟩ for the same sound in Logonomia Anglica in 1619.^[1] William Holder uses the letter in Elements of speech: An essay of inquiry into the natural production of letters, published in 1669, but it was not printed as intended; he indicates in his errata that “there was intended a character for Ng, viz., n with a tail like that of g, which must be understood where the Printer has imitated it by n or y”.^[2] It was later used in Benjamin Franklin's phonetic alphabet, with its current phonetic value.

Lowercase eng is derived from n, with the addition of a hook to the right leg, somewhat like that of j. The uppercase has two variants: it can be based on the usual uppercase N, with a hook added (or "N-form"); or it can be an enlarged version of the lowercase (or "n-form"). The former is preferred in Sami languages that use it, the latter in African languages,^[3] such as in Shona from 1931–1955, and several in west and central Africa currently.

Early printers, lacking a specific glyph for eng, sometimes approximated it by rotating a capital G, or by substituting a Greek eta (η) for it (encoded in Unicode as the Latin letter n with long leg: Ƞ ƞ).

• 
  An 1856 text in Gamilaraay, using a rotated capital G as a substitute for ŋ.
• 
  Italic ŋ based on double-storey g as used in Horatio Hale's Ethnography and Philology (1846).
• 
  ᶇ ŋ ɲ ɳ: four "n"-based IPA symbols for nasal sounds.

• Americanist phonetic notation, where it may also represent a uvular nasal.
• Sometimes for the transcription of Australian Aboriginal languages
• International Phonetic Alphabet
• Uralic Phonetic Alphabet including U+1D51 ᵑ MODIFIER LETTER SMALL ENG^[4]
• Teuthonista phonetic transcription system uses U+AB3C ꬼ LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG WITH CROSSED-TAIL^[5]
• Rheinische Dokumenta, a phonetic alphabet for many West Central German dialects, Low Rhenish, and few related languages.

Janalif variant of eng is represented as N with descender. An equivalent version is used in the Cyrillic alphabet.

Languages marked † no longer use eng, but formerly did.

• African languages
  • Bari
  • Bemba
  • Dagbani
  • Dinka
  • Ewe
  • Fula
  • Ganda
  • Manding languages
  • Shona language†
  • Songhay languages
  • Wolof
  • Zarma
• American languages
  • Inupiat
  • Lakota
  • O'odham
• Austroasiatic languages
  • Tonga
• Australian Aboriginal languages
  • Bandjalang
  • Yolngu
• Languages of China
  • Zhuang† (replaced by the digraph ng in 1986)
• Sami languages
  • Inari Sami
  • Lule Sami
  • Northern Sami
  • Skolt Sami
  • Kildin Sami (during Latinisation in the 1930s)
• Turkic languages during Latinisation in the 1930s used Ꞑ ꞑ, sometimes considered a variant of eng.
• Mapuche language (Wirizüŋun script)
• Kalam languages
  • Kalam language^[6]

Eng is encoded in Unicode as U+014A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER ENG and U+014B LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG, part of the Latin Extended-A range. In ISO 8859-4 (Latin-4) it's located at BD (uppercase) and BF (lowercase).

In African languages such as Bemba, ng' (with an apostrophe) is widely used as a substitute in media where eng is hard to reproduce.

• Ng (digraph)
• Nh (digraph)
• Eta (Greek letter)

Similar Latin letters:

• Ƞ ƞ
• Ɲ ɲ
• Ꞑ ꞑ
• ɳ
• ɱ
• ꜧ

Similar Cyrillic letters:

• Ӈ ӈ
• Ң ң
• Ҥ ҥ

• Practical Orthography of African Languages
• FileFormat.info – Fonts that support LATIN CAPITAL LETTER ENG (U+014A) and LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG (U+014B)