Various ships have had the name Arbuthnot:

• HM galley Arbuthnot (1780) served the British Royal Navy between 1780–1786
• Arbuthnot (schooner), at least four schooners operating during the American War of Independence
• Arbuthnot (steamship), a 41-ton steam ship that burnt out Murray River, Australia, in 1913
• Alexander Arbuthnot (paddle steamer), paddle steamer, built in 1923
• Thomas Arbuthnot (ship), a fast sailing ship, constructed in 1841