The Srivijayan conquest of Kedah, also called as Srivijayan invasion of Kedah was a military campaign launched by Srivijaya to conquer Kedah and capture many strategic places of trading in the Strait of Malacca also expanded their territories. Srivijaya was successfully conquer Kedah, and gained many strategic places or port for trading and make their position on international trading was strengthen.
Background
Srivijaya was founded in Kota Kapur and founded Palembang (the oldest city in Indonesia). However, their position on international trading was not famous and influenced by Kedah and Melayu. Even the Srivijaya position was the centre of the Buddhism were spreads on Nusantara. Their position still not strategic to trading and they planned to invade Kedah and conquered the entire of Malayan Peninsula.[1]
Conquest
On 682 CE, the Srivijayan fleets launched the massive raids at Malacca strait and this raid resulted in many Kedahan and Malayan ships were destroyed or suffered heavy damages.[2] After they raiding Malayan–Kedah fleets, they start to invade Kedah. The Kedah was supported by many local parties on their territory but they cannot or even countered the srivijayan invasions repelled the invasion.[3] Many Srivijayan forces were plundering the town of Kedah, captured many weapons, and also destructed many local parties headquarters in Kedah. However in this condition, the King of Kedah decided to surrender and many of his forces suffered heavy casualties.[4]
Aftermath
After the conquest, Srivijaya gained many territories and also maintaned many strategic port after the conquest,. However, in this conquest, the Srivijaya positions was strengthen and marking the rise of Shailendra dynasty (Dynasty who controlled Srivijaya in this conquest period and unified between Medang Kingdom and Srivijaya before split up) and leading to the outbreak of the great war against the Javanese kingdom of Mataram.[5]
References
- ^ Widya, Lestari (2021-04-09). "Wilayah Kekuasaan Sriwijaya". kompas.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2025-01-20.
- ^ "Kerajaan Sriwijaya (Abad Ke 7-14 Masehi)". abisheva.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2025-01-20.
- ^ Muallif (2023-08-10). "Kerajaan Sriwijaya: Sejarah, Letak, Raja-raja, Masa Kejayaannya, Hingga Peninggalannya". an-nur.ac.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2025-01-20.
- ^ Nabil, Adlani (2022-10-11). "6 Daerah Kekuasaaan Sriwijaya". adjar.grid.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2025-01-20.
- ^ "Kerajaan Sriwijaya, Awal Berdiri, Para Raja dan Peninggalan". sampoernaacademy.sch.id (in Indonesian). 2022-04-17. Retrieved 2025-01-20.
Further reading
- Irfan, N.K.S (2015). Kerajaan Sriwijaya:Pusat Pemerintahan dan Perkembangannya (in Indonesian). Bandung: Kiblat Buku Utama.
- Lawrence, Palmer (1950). The Khmer Empire and Malayan Peninsula. Duke University Press. JSTOR 2049556.