Lederman or Ledermann is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Barbara Ledermann (born 1925), Holocaust survivor
• Ben Lederman (born 2000), Polish footballer
• D. Ross Lederman (1894-1972), American B-film director
• Dr. Gilbert "Gil" Lederman, physician, talk radio host, and proponent of radiosurgery, notoriously sued by the estate of George Harrison (for breaching Harrison's privacy and for forcing Harrison to sign a guitar)
• Harold Lederman (1940–2019), American boxing judge and analyst
• Jean-Marc Lederman, Belgian music composer
• Leon M. Lederman (1922-2018), Nobel laureate in physics
• Marty Lederman, Visiting Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center
• Sanne Ledermann (1928–1943), victim of the Holocaust
• Susan Lederman, Canadian experimental psychologist
• Walter Ledermann (1911-2009), mathematician
• William Lederman (1916-1992), Canadian constitutional scholar and the first dean of Queen's University Faculty of Law