Year 459 (CDLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in the Roman Empire as the Year of the Consulship of Ricimer and Patricius (or, less frequently, year 1212 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 459 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

• Emperor Leo I signs a peace treaty with the Ostrogoths. King Theodemir sends his son, the future Theodoric the Great, age 5, as a child hostage to Constantinople. He learns at court about Latin, military tactics and religion (until 469).^{[citation needed]}

• King Vortigern is burnt to death, while being besieged by a Romano-British force under Ambrosius Aurelianus at Ganarew (Herefordshire).^{[citation needed]}

• The Franks conquer the city of Trier. The Frankish Kingdom becomes a military power and gets involved in Roman politics.^{[citation needed]}
• Remigius, age 22, is elected bishop of Reims (approximate date).^{[citation needed]}

• King Dhatusena of Anuradhapura of the Moriyan dynasty rules over Sri Lanka. During his reign the Avukana Buddha statue is built.^{[citation needed]}

• Total lunar eclipse on May 3, in which totality was for 106 minutes and 32 seconds. A totality of this length will not occur until August 19, 4763.^[1]

• November 15 – Bʼutz Aj Sak Chiik, king of Palenque (Mexico).^[2]

• September 2 – Simeon Stylites, Christian pillar-saint.^[3]
• Hormizd III, king of the Sasanian Empire (approximate date)
• Vortigern, king of the Britons (approximate date)