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The 39th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the Parliament of New Zealand which began with the general election held on 25 November 1978, and finished with the general election held on 28 November 1981. The dates of the Muldoon Ministry were from 13 December 1978 to 11 December 1981.

The Prime Minister, Robert Muldoon of the National Party, led the Third National Government from 1975 to 1984.

Overview of seats

The table below shows the number of MPs in each party following the 1978 election and at dissolution:

Affiliation		Members
Affiliation		At 1978 election	At dissolution
	National	51	50
Government total		51	50
	Labour	40	40
	Social Credit	1	2
Opposition total		41	42
Total		92	92
Working Government majority		10	8

Notes

The Working Government majority is calculated as all Government MPs less all other parties.

Initial composition of the 39th Parliament

The tables below shows the results of the 1978 general election:

Key

National Labour Social Credit

Electorate results for the 1978 New Zealand general election
Electorate	Incumbent			Majority
General electorates
Albany	New electorate		Don McKinnon	1,159	David Rankin
Ashburton	New electorate		Rob Talbot	3.005	John Srhoy
Auckland Central		Richard Prebble		5,284	Maire Cole
Avon		Mary Batchelor		8,215	Tom George
Awarua		Rex Austin		1,450	Bill Devine
Bay of Islands	New electorate		Neill Austin	1,682	William Guy McPherson
Birkenhead		Jim McLay		2,534	Rex Stanton
Christchurch Central		Bruce Barclay		5,947	Gwen Clucas
Clutha		Peter Gordon	Robin Gray	1,427	F A O'Connell
Dunedin Central		Brian MacDonell		3,413	M B Ablett
Dunedin North		Richard Walls	Stan Rodger	2,850	Richard Walls
East Cape	New electorate		Duncan MacIntyre	2,533	O P Drabble
East Coast Bays		Frank Gill		1,566	Colleen Hicks
Eastern Hutt	New electorate		Trevor Young	5,373	Rosemary Young
Eden		Aussie Malcolm		648	John Hinchcliff
Fendalton	New electorate		Eric Holland	1,956	David Close^[1]
Gisborne		Bob Bell		213	Allan Wallbank
Hamilton East		Ian Shearer		1,361	Lois Welch
Hamilton West		Mike Minogue		1,006	Dorothy Jelicich
Hastings		Bob Fenton	David Butcher	334	Bob Fenton
Hauraki	New electorate		Leo Schultz	2,019	Gordon Miller
Hawkes Bay		Richard Harrison		1,908	Mike Cullen
Helensville	New electorate		Dail Jones	1,199	Jack Elder
Heretaunga		Ron Bailey		2,744	John Ward
Horowhenua	New electorate		Geoff Thompson	744	Alan Charles Eyles
Hunua	New electorate		Winston Peters	192	Malcolm Douglas^{[nb 1]}
Invercargill		Norman Jones		256	Aubrey Begg
Island Bay		Gerald O'Brien	Frank O'Flynn	650	Bill Nathan^{[nb 2]}
Kaimai	New electorate		Bruce Townshend	3,476	Douglas Conway
Kaipara	New electorate		Peter Wilkinson	520	Nevern McConachy^[2]
Kapiti		Barry Brill		23	Margaret Shields^{[nb 3]}
King Country		Jim Bolger		2,770	Leo Menefy
Lyttelton		Colleen Dewe	Ann Hercus	1,423	Colleen Dewe
Manawatu		Allan McCready	Michael Cox	2,913	Trevor de Cleene
Mangere		David Lange		6,263	Peter Saunders
Manurewa		Merv Wellington	Roger Douglas	2,467	Peter O'Brien
Marlborough		Ed Latter	Doug Kidd	323	Ian Brooks
Matamata	New electorate		Jack Luxton	4,407	David Mawdsley
Miramar		Bill Young		315	Bill Jeffries
Mt Albert		Warren Freer		2,861	Frank Ryan
Napier		Gordon Christie		2,927	Kevin Rose
Nelson		Mel Courtney		2,239	Peter Malone
New Lynn		Jonathan Hunt		4,390	Jacky Bridges
New Plymouth		Tony Friedlander		112	Dennis Duggan
North Shore		George Gair		4,650	Gene Leckey
Onehunga		Frank Rogers		1,417	Barrie Hutchinson
Ohariu	New electorate		Hugh Templeton	1,958	Helene Ritchie
Otago	New electorate		Warren Cooper	3,722	R J Rutherford
Otahuhu		Bob Tizard		4,762	Ray Ah Chee
Pahiatua		John Falloon		6,675	P M A Hills
Pakuranga		Gavin Downie	Pat Hunt	2,111	Elsa Smith
Palmerston North		John Lithgow	Joe Walding	2,736	John Lithgow
Papakura	New electorate		Merv Wellington	3,622	Geoff Braybrooke
Papanui		Bert Walker	Mike Moore	3,289	Bert Walker
Papatoetoe	New electorate		Eddie Isbey	1,511	Colin Bidois
Pencarrow	New electorate		Fraser Colman	3,649	Brett Newell
Porirua		Gerry Wall		3,657	Alan Perry
Rangiora		Derek Quigley		1,145	Don McKenzie
Rangiriri	New electorate		Bill Birch	2,276	Robert Frederick McKee
Rangitikei		Bruce Beetham		2,853	Les Gandar
Remuera		Allan Highet		5,771	Lee Goffin
Roskill		Arthur Faulkner		1,671	John Banks
Rotorua		Harry Lapwood	Paul East	1,020	Peter Tapsell
St Albans		Roger Drayton	David Caygill	3,679	Neil Russell
St Kilda		Bill Fraser		2,959	Graeme Laing
Selwyn	New electorate		Colin McLachlan	1,232	Bill Woods
Sydenham		John Kirk		7,040	Ian Wilson
Tamaki		Robert Muldoon		6,310	Audie Cooke-Pennefather
Taranaki	New electorate		David Thomson	4,573	K A Tracey
Tarawera	New electorate		Ian Mclean	2,022	JJ Stewart
Tasman		Bill Rowling		1,794	Ruth Richardson
Taupo		Ray La Varis	Jack Ridley	609	Lesley A. Miller^[3]
Tauranga		Keith Allen		3,318	Paul Hills
Te Atatu		Michael Bassett		2,819	W R Cross
Timaru		Sir Basil Arthur		2,183	Bill Penno
Waikato		Lance Adams-Schneider		5,063	Brian West^[4]
Waipa	New electorate		Marilyn Waring	4,906	John Kilbride
Wairarapa		Ben Couch		837	Allan Levett
Waitakere	New electorate		Ralph Maxwell	2,016	Bill Haresnape
Waitaki	New electorate		Jonathan Elworthy	1,315	Bill Laney
Waitotara	New electorate		Venn Young	4,109	Edith Charteris
Wallace		Brian Talboys		5,324	Jim Thomson
Wanganui		Russell Marshall		3,102	John Rowan
Wellington Central		Ken Comber		916	Neville Pickering
West Coast		Paddy Blanchfield	Kerry Burke	5,647	George Ferguson
Western Hutt		Bill Lambert	John Terris	168	Bill Lambert
Whangarei		John Elliott		1,176	Colin Moyle
Yaldhurst	New electorate		Mick Connelly	1,638	David Watson
Māori electorates
Eastern Maori		Paraone Reweti		7,400	Monty Searancke
Northern Maori		Matiu Rata		4,844	Joe Toia
Southern Maori		Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan		9,180	Charles Piharo Maitai
Western Maori		Koro Wētere		9,719	Gordon Pihema

Table footnotes:

^ The election of Malcolm Douglas in Hunua was overturned by the Electoral Court on 24 May 1979
^ Gerald O'Brien came third standing as Independent Labour
^ Margaret Shields had initially been declared the winner but she lost 83 votes in a magisterial recount

By-elections during 39th Parliament

There were a number of changes during the term of the 39th Parliament.

Electorate and by-election		Date		Cause
Christchurch Central	1979	18 August	Bruce Barclay	Death	Geoffrey Palmer
Northern Maori	1980	7 June	Matiu Rata	Resignation	Bruce Gregory
Onehunga	1980	7 June	Frank Rogers	Death	Fred Gerbic
East Coast Bays	1980	6 September	Frank Gill	Appointed as Ambassador to US	Gary Knapp

Summary of changes during term

Bruce Barclay, the Labour MP for Christchurch Central, died in 1979. The ensuing by-election was won by Geoffrey Palmer, also of the Labour Party.
Matiu Rata, a Labour cabinet minister, resigned from his party in 1979 due to disagreements with its policy towards Māori. In 1980, Rata quit parliament and founded the Mana Motuhake party. Rata then contested the ensuing by-election, but came second. He was replaced by Bruce Gregory of the Labour Party.
Frank Rogers, the Labour MP for Onehunga, died in 1980. The ensuing by-election was won by Fred Gerbic, also of the Labour Party.
Frank Gill, the National MP for East Coast Bays, resigned from parliament in 1980 in order to take up a position as New Zealand's ambassador in Washington. The ensuing by-election was won, much to the National Party's surprise, by Gary Knapp of the Social Credit Party.

Notes

^ Bohan 2004, p. 67.
^ Chapman 1999, p. 208.
^ Gustafson 1986, p. 284.
^ Norton 1988, p. 368.

References

Bohan, Edmund (2004). Burdon: a man of our time. Hazard Press. ISBN 978-1-877270-90-1. OCLC 62718931. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
Chapman, Robert (1999). New Zealand Politics and Social Patterns: Selected Works. Victoria University Press. ISBN 9780864733610. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
Gustafson, Barry (1986). The First 50 Years : A History of the New Zealand National Party. Auckland: Reed Methuen. ISBN 0-474-00177-6.
Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946-1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.

[2] The election of Malcolm Douglas in Hunua was overturned by the Electoral Court on 24 May 1979

[3] Gerald O'Brien came third standing as Independent Labour

[5] Margaret Shields had initially been declared the winner but she lost 83 votes in a magisterial recount

[FOOTNOTEBohan200467-1] Bohan 2004, p. 67.

[FOOTNOTEChapman1999208-4] Chapman 1999, p. 208.

[FOOTNOTEGustafson1986284-6] Gustafson 1986, p. 284.

[FOOTNOTENorton1988368-7] Norton 1988, p. 368.

[1]

[nb 1]

[nb 2]

[2]

[nb 3]

[3]

[4]

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Overview of seats

Initial composition of the 39th Parliament

By-elections during 39th Parliament

Summary of changes during term

Notes

References

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MEEDIAVALVUR: algab „sõjalise erioperatsiooni“ teine etapp nimega „SÕDA“

Overview of seats

Initial composition of the 39th Parliament

By-elections during 39th Parliament

Summary of changes during term

Notes

References

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