In mid-August 2024, there were wildfires on the Portuguese island of Madeira, 700 kilometres (430 mi) west of Morocco. As of August 20, the flames had burned more than 5,700 hectares (14,000 acres) of forest, according to the European Forest Fire Information System.^[2][3]

The fire started in the mountains of Serra de Água on August 14, and spread east toward Curral das Freiras and Câmara de Lobos. The president of the Madeiran government Miguel Albuquerque said "There is no threat to the population, homes, or infrastructure. The intervention so far has been appropriate."

The European Forest Fire Information System estimated that most of the burned area consisted of woodland, scrubland, and broadleaf forest. Fortunately, no homes had been damaged, though the fires threaten residential areas in Curral das Freiras. Investigations by Madeira's Criminal Investigation Department revealed that the fire was caused by the launching of rockets.^[4]

Portugal sent a force of 76 firefighters from the mainland to Madeira on Saturday and the neighbouring Azores archipelago was to send 15 firefighters Sunday evening.

Climate change is driving an increase in both the frequency and intensity of extreme wildfires worldwide. Over the past two decades, their occurrence has more than doubled, with the most severe years recorded since 2017. Portugal, including Madeira, has been particularly affected in recent years.

Madeira’s climate, combined with its history of wildfires, suggests that the island will continue to face this threat. Natural conditions such as prolonged dry spells, strong winds, and rugged terrain make it especially vulnerable to fires.

While advancements in firefighting have significantly reduced the risk to human life, the environmental and economic consequences remain severe. Wildfires endanger homes, disrupt livelihoods, and damage the island’s unique natural landscapes. The economic impact extends to Madeira’s tourism industry, a vital part of the local economy, which suffers from the negative perception caused by wildfires. During the 2024 wildfires, tourist cancellations surged by 90% as the blaze continued for 11 days.

Despite improved wildfire management, the risk persists. Both residents and visitors must remain vigilant as Madeira continues to grapple with this ongoing challenge.^[5]