Adi Shankara bibliography

Adi Shankara, a Hindu philosopher of the Advaita Vedanta school, composed a number of commentarial works. Due to his later influence, a large body of works that is central to the Advaita Vedanta interpretation of the Prasthanatrayi, the canonical texts consisting of the Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita and the Brahma Sutras, is also attributed to him.[note 1] While his own works mainly consist of commentaries, the later works summarize various doctrines of the Advaita Vedanta tradition, including doctrines that diverge from those of Adi Shankara.

Overview

Methodology

Shankara formulates the doctrine of Advaita Vedanta by validating his arguments on the basis of quotations from the Vedas and other Hindu scriptures.

A large portion of his works is polemical in nature. He directs his polemics mostly against the Sankhya, Bauddha, Jaina, Vaisheshika and other non-vedantic Hindu philosophies.

Authorship

While Shankaracharya's authorship of the commentaries on the Brahman Sutra, the ten principal Upanishads, as well as the Bhagavad Gita is beyond doubt,[1] many works thought to be authored by him are debated and questioned regarding their authorship today.[2] This includes some of the best-known and important Advaita texts, namely the Vivekchudamani (Vivekacūḍāmaṇi ),[3][4] Maniratnamala, Para-puja, and the Mandukya Upanishad (Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad) Bashya (Bhāṣya).[5]

Classification

Traditionally, Advaita Vedanta works are classified as:

  • Bashya, commentary
  • Prakaraṇa grantha, philosophical treatise
  • Stotra, devotional hymn

The commentaries serve to provide a consistent interpretation of the scriptural texts from the perspective of Advaita Vedanta.[6][7] The philosophical treatises provide various methodologies to the student to understand the doctrine. The devotional hymns are rich in poetry and piety, serving to highlight the helplessness of the devotee and the glory of the deity.[8]

Authentic works

Bhashya (Bhāṣya)

Adi Shankara wrote Bhāṣya (commentaries) on:

Other

Attributed works

Bhashya

  • Mandukya Upanishad (Atharvaveda) and Gaudpada Karika (Gauḍapāda Kārika): The authorship of Shankara of this Bhasya is disputed.[5] Nakamura concludes that Shankara was not the author, for several reasons.[10] Shankara understood Buddhist thought, while the author of the commentary shows misunderstandings of Buddhist thought.[10] The commentary uses the terms vijnapti and vjnaptimatra, which is "a uniquely Buddhist usage",[11] and does not appear in Shankara's commentary on the Brahma-sutras.[12] The two commentaries also quote different Upanishads.[13] Nevertheless, Nakamura also concludes: "Although the commentary to the Madukya is not actually by Shankara, it may be assumed that there is nothing drastically wrong in using it as a source when discussing early Vedanta philosophy".[10]

Prakaraṇa grantha

The following treatises are attributed to Adi Shankara, but probably composed much later, from the 13th century onward, when Advaita Vedanta received royal support in the Vijayanagara Empire, and was fused with yoga: [14]

Stotra

Hymns on various deities such as Shiva, Vishnu, Adi Shakti, Ganesha, and Kartikeya are attributed to Adi Shankara:[35]

Stuti

Editions

A lot of editions of the works of Adi Shankara are available. A few of them are given below:[56]

Collections of works

  • Sri Shankara Granthavali - Complete Works of Sri Sankaracarya in the original Sanskrit, v. 1-10, revised ed., Samata Books, Madras, 1998. (Originally published from Sri Vani Vilas Press, Srirangam, 1910ff., under the direction of the Sringeri matha.)
  • Shankaracharya Granthamala, v. 1-4, Basumati Sahitya Mandira, Calcutta, 1995. (complete works with Bengali translation and commentary)[57]
  • Upanishad-bhashya-sangraha, Mahesanusandhana Samsthanam, Mt. Abu, 1979-1986. Sankara's bhashyas on the Katha, Mandukya, Taittiriya, Chandogya and Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, with Anandagiri's Tīkas and other sub-commentaries.
  • Prakarana-dvadasi, Mahesanusandhana Samsthanam, Mt. Abu, 1981. A collection of twelve prakarana granthas, with commentaries.
  • A Bouquet of Nondual Texts, by Adi Sankara, Translated by Dr. H. Ramamoorthy and Nome, Society of Abidance in Truth, 2006. A collection of eight texts. This volume contains the Sanskrit original, transliteration, word-for-word meaning and alternative meanings, and complete English verses.[58]
  • Svatmanirupanam: The True Definition of One's Own Self, Translated by Dr. H. Ramamoorthy and Nome, Society of Abidance in Truth, 2002[59]
  • Nirguna Manasa Puja: Worship of the Attributeless One in the Mind, Translated by Dr. H. Ramamoorthy and Nome, Society of Abidance in Truth, 1993[60]
  • Hastamalakiyam: A Fruit in the Hand or A Work by Hastamalaka, Translated by Dr. H. Ramamoorthy and Nome, Society of Abidance in Truth, 2017[61]

Brahmasutra Bhashya

  • Edited with Marathi translation, by Kasinath Sastri Lele, Srikrishna Mudranalaya, Wai, 1908.
  • Edited with vaiyasika-nyayamala of Bharatitirtha, and Marathi commentary, by Vishnu Vaman Bapat Sastri, Pune, 1923.
  • Selections translated into English, by S. K. Belvalkar, Poona Oriental Series no. 13, Bilvakunja, Pune, 1938.
  • Edited with Adhikarana-ratnamala of Bharatitirtha, Sri Venkateshvara Mudranalaya, Bombay, 1944.
  • Translated into English, by V. M. Apte, Popular Book Depot, Bombay, 1960.
  • Translated into English, by George Thibaut, Dover, New York, 1962. (reprint of Clarendon Press editions of The Sacred Books of the East v.34, 38)
  • Sri Shankarcharya Granthavali, no. 3, 1964.
  • Translated into English, by Swami Gambhirananda, Advaita Ashrama, Kolkata, 1965.
  • Translated into German, by Paul Deussen, G. Olms, Hildesheim, 1966.

Bhagavadgita Bhashya

  • Critically edited by Dinkar Vishnu Gokhale, Oriental Book Agency, Pune, 1931.
  • Edited with Anandagiri's Tika, by Kasinath Sastri Agashe, Anandasrama, Pune, 1970.
  • Alladi Mahadeva Sastri, The Bhagavad Gita : with the commentary of Sri Sankaracharya, Samata Books, Madras, 1977.
  • A. G. Krishna Warrier, Srimad Bhagavad Gita Bhashya of Sri Sankaracarya, Ramakrishna Math, Madras, 1983.
  • Translated into English, by Swami Gambhirananda, Advaita Ashrama, Kolkata, 1984.
  • Trevor Leggett, Realization of the Supreme Self : the Bhagavad Gita Yogas, (translation of Sankara's commentary), Kegan Paul International, London, 1995.

Upadeshasahasri

  • Sitarama Mahadeva Phadke, Sankaracaryakrta Upadesashasri, Rasikaranjana Grantha Prasaraka Mandali, Pune, 1911. (with Marathi translation)
  • Paul Hacker, Unterweisung in der All-Einheits-Lehre der Inder: Gadyaprabandha, (German translation of and notes on the Prose book of the upadeSasAhasrI) L. Röhrscheid, Bonn, 1949.

Vivekachudamani

  • Edited with English translation, by Mohini Chatterjee, Theosophical Publishing House, Madras, 1947.
  • Ernest Wood, The Pinnacle of Indian Thought, Theosophical Publishing House, Wheaton (Illinois), 1967. (English translation)
  • Swami Prabhavananda and Christopher Isherwood, Shankara's Crest-jewel of Discrimination, with A Garland of Questions and Answers, Vedanta Press, California, 1971.
  • Sri Sankara's Vivekachudamani with an English translation of the Sanskrit Commentary of Sri Chandrashekhara Bharati of Sringeri. Translated by P. Sankaranarayanan. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. 1999

Panchikarana

  • Edited with Sureshvara's varttika and varttikabharana of Abhinavanarayanendra Sarasvati (17th century), Sri Vani Vilas Press, Srirangam, 1970.
  • Edited with Gujarati translation and notes, Sri Harihara Pustakalya, Surat, 1970.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ See "Works of Adi Shankara". Archived from the original on 18 June 2006. Retrieved 26 June 2006.
  2. ^ The authenticity of the Bhashya on "Shvetashvatara Upanishad" ascribed to Shankara, is doubtful and often considered unauthentic.[9]

References

  1. ^ Isaeva 1993, p. 94.
  2. ^ Waite, Dennis (2010). Back to the Truth : 5000 years of Advaita. Lanham: O-Books. p. Introduction (7–8). ISBN 9781846946240.
  3. ^ a b c Shah-Kazemi 2006, p. 4.
  4. ^ a b Singh & Barauh 2004, p. 1315.
  5. ^ a b Nakamura 2004, p. 262-265.
  6. ^ Clooney, Francis X. (1993). Theology after Vedānta: an experiment in comparative theology. SUNY series, toward a comparative philosophy of religions. American Council of Learned Societies. Albany: State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-1365-4.
  7. ^ Potter, Karl H., ed. (2008). Advaita Vedānta up to Śaṃkara and his pupils. Encyclopedia of Indian philosophies / Karl H. Potter (Reprint ed.). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0310-7.
  8. ^ Satchidanandendra Saraswati; Alston, Anthony J.; Satchidanandendra Saraswati (1997). The method of the Vedanta: a critical account of the Advaita tradition (1. Indian ed.). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-1358-8.
  9. ^ Pande 2011, pp. 105–113.
  10. ^ a b c Nakamura 2004, p. 263.
  11. ^ Nakamura 2004, p. 263-264.
  12. ^ Nakamura 2004, p. 264.
  13. ^ Nakamura 2004, p. 265.
  14. ^ Whicher, Ian; Carpenter, David, eds. (2003). Yoga: the Indian tradition. London ; New York: RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 978-0-7007-1288-5.
  15. ^ Grimes, John (24 October 2018). The Vivekacūḍāmaṇi of Śaṅkarācārya Bhagavatpāda. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-315-23660-5.
  16. ^ Śaṅkarācārya; Śaṅkarācārya; Śaṅkarācārya; Sastri, S. N.; Rana, Dilip Kumar (2015). Śri Śaṅkarācārya's Śataślokī. Chinmaya research series. Chinmaya International Foundation Shodha Sansthan, Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan (1st ed.). Ernakulam, Kerala, Bharat: Chinmaya International Foundation Shodha Sansthan. ISBN 978-93-80864-37-2.
  17. ^ Śaṅkarācārya (1946). Venkatarama Aiyar (ed.). Śataślokī of Śrī Śaṅkarācārya (1st ed.). Madras: Adyar Library.
  18. ^ "Ekashloki". Shlokam. Retrieved 17 February 2026.
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  20. ^ Shankaracharya, Sri (1947). Atma Bodha of Sri Shankaracharya. Translated by Nikhilananda, Swami (1st ed.). Mylapore: Sri Ramakrishna Math.
  21. ^ Shankaracharya (2021). Aparokshanubhuti of Sri Shankaracharya. Translated by Vimuktananda, Swami (24th ed.). Kolkata: Advaita Ashrama. ISBN 978-8175051072.
  22. ^ Shankaracharya (2019). Sadhana Panchakam. Translated by Chinmayananda, Swami. Central Chinmaya Mission Trust. ISBN 9788175977297.
  23. ^ a b "Nirvana Shatakam". Chinmaya Publications. Retrieved 18 February 2026.
  24. ^ Shankaracharya (2020). Manisha Panchakam. Translated by Chinmayananda, Swami. Mumbai: Chinmaya Mission. ISBN 9788175972742.
  25. ^ Shankaracharya, Adi Shankaracharya Series (2025). Yati Panchakam: Five Verses for Renunciates. Independently published (published 20 March 2025). ISBN 979-8314780220.
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  30. ^ Adi Sankara (1990). Nirguna Manasa Puja [Nirguna Manasa Puja: Worship of the Attributeless One in the Mind]. Translated by Ramamoorthy, H.; Nome (1st ed.). Society of Abidance in Truth. ISBN 978-0970366757.
  31. ^ Śaṅkarācārya; Śaṅkarācārya; Śaṅkarācārya (2019). Praśnottararatnamālikā. New Delhi: Sāhitya Akādemī. ISBN 978-93-88468-81-7.
  32. ^ Śaṅkarācārya (1987). Prabodhasudhakara [Prabodhasudhakara: The Nectar-Ocean of Enlightenment]. Translated by Samvid. Arcana Publishing. ISBN 9780910261098.
  33. ^ Shankaracharya (2021). Svatmaprakasika [Self Illumination: The Svatmaprakasika of Sri Shankaracharya]. Translated by Jessup, Warwick (E-book ed.). Shepheard Walwyn (Publishers) Ltd. ISBN 9780995517202.
  34. ^ Shankaracharya (1973). Atmajnanopadeshavidhi [Vakyavritti and Atmajnanopadeshavidhi of Sri Sankaracharya] (in Sanskrit and English). Translated by Jagadananda, Swami (4th ed.). Madras: Sri Ramakrishna Math.
  35. ^ "Slokas". Archived from the original on 15 June 2006. Retrieved 26 June 2006.
  36. ^ "Ganesha Pancharatnam: Lyrics, Meaning, and Benefits - Hinduism Outlook". 1 September 2019. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
  37. ^ SUVRATSUT (6 January 2018). Annapurna Stotram.
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  39. ^ Sri Sankaracharya, Shankaracharya (1895). Dakshinamurti Stotra of Sri Sankaracharya with Svayamprakasa's Tattvasudha and Suresvara's Manasollasa with Ramatirtha's commentary [Sanskrit] (in Sanskrit). Sabyasachi Mishra.
  40. ^ LINGASHTAKAM (in Indonesian).
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  42. ^ Swami Tapsyananda. Sivanandalahari Of Sri Sankaracharya Swami Tapsyananda.
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  44. ^ Shankaracharya (1999). Jivanmuktanandalahari (in Sanskrit and Hindi). Translated by Tejomayananda, Swami. Mumbai: Central Chinmaya Mission Trust.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
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  57. ^ Mukhopadhyay, Upendra Nath (1911). Shankaracharjya-er Granthamala শঙ্করাচার্য্যের গ্রন্থমালা. Purna Chandra Mukhopadhyay (Basumati), Kolkata.
  58. ^ "A Bouquet of Nondual Texts | Society of Abidance in Truth". Society of Abidance in Truth. 20 February 2015. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  59. ^ "Svatmanirupanam, The True Definition of One's Own Self | Society of Abidance in Truth". Society of Abidance in Truth. 20 February 2015. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  60. ^ "Nirguna Manasa Puja (Worship of the Attributeless One in the Mind) | Society of Abidance in Truth". Society of Abidance in Truth. 20 February 2015. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  61. ^ "Hastamalakiyam: A Fruit in the Hand or A Work by Hastamalaka | Society of Abidance in Truth". Society of Abidance in Truth. 17 August 2017. Retrieved 28 October 2017.

Sources

  • Isaeva, Natalia (1993). Shankara and Indian Philosophy. Albany: State University of New York Press (SUNY). ISBN 978-0-7914-1281-7. Some editions spell the author Isayeva.
  • Nakamura, Hajime (2004). A History of Early Vedanta Philosophy. Part Two. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited.
  • Shah-Kazemi, Reza (2006). Paths to Transcendence: According to Shankara, Ibn Arabi & Meister Eckhart. World Wisdom.
  • Singh, N.; Barauh, B. (2004). Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Pali Literature, Volume 1. Global Vision Publishing Ho.
  • Pande, G.C. (2011). Life and Thought of Śaṅkarācārya. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-1104-1.
allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Works_of_Adi_Shankara