The Winn Memorial Library, also known as the Woburn Public Library, is a National Historic Landmark in Woburn, Massachusetts.^[1] Designed by architect H. H. Richardson, the Romanesque Revival building was a bequest of the Winn family and built from 1876 to 1879.^[4] It houses the Woburn Public Library, an institution that was established in 1856.^[5]

The Woburn Public Library was founded in 1855 and opened to the public on August 20, 1856.^[6] The new building opened for business on May 1, 1879.^[7] George Mather Champney was appointed librarian in 1879 and became the first librarian of the new building.^[8][7] Champney died while serving as librarian in January 1882.^[8]

The library is also home to the Dr. Thomas J. Glennon Archives. The Glennon Archives holds many important records dating back to Woburn's early history in the 1600s. The Archives maintains more than two hundred separate manuscript collections relating to Woburn's history, several special collections of books including a rare book collection, tens of thousands of photographs, a fine art collection, and a museum. Many of the Archives' museum objects can be viewed in the Historical Artifacts Room, located in the Octagon Room of the Richardson Building.

An expansion of the library was approved in 2015.^[9] The renovated and expanded library reopened on March 16, 2019.^[10] The $33 million project added 30,500 square feet (2,830 m²) and included a children's room, a multipurpose community room, a teen room, and a makerspace.^[10][11] In 2023, the project received an AIA/ALA Library Building Award.^[11]

The library is properly called the "Woburn Public Library". The Winn family paid to construct the building and provide an endowment for the library but specifically requested that it not be named for them. Nevertheless, Richardson signed his plans "Winn Library", and it remains known in architectural circles as "Winn Memorial Library". The inscription in the entrance porch reads: "This building was erected in memory of Jonathan Bowers Winn from funds bequeathed by his son, for the use, benefit and improvement of the people of Woburn."

It was built between 1876 and 1879 and was the first in a series of libraries designed by Richardson. In it he established a characteristic basilical plan for such buildings: an off-axis entrance marked by a staircase tower; a vestibule opening into a high-ceilinged reception area; reading room(s) adjacent to the stacks; and an optional art gallery. The building was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1987 in recognition of its architectural significance.^[3][1]

The library's main (south) facade presents a long, two-story stack wing to the west (left), slit windows on the first story with a strip of clerestory windows separated by columns above, all below a peaked roof. The gable-ended crossing (center) features a trio of arched double windows on the first story, a line of seven arched single windows above, and an attached High Victorian tower. On the opposite side of the tower is the arch of the entrance porch. The easternmost section is an attached two-and-a-half-story octagonal wing that houses the library's museum. The building's polychromatic exterior is constructed of brownstone trimmed with lighter stone, sometimes laid in bands, and set in alternating colors over the main arches and the entrance porch. The original tile roof was replaced in 1914 with copper and red slate, with the ridges, hips, and finials reproduced in copper.^[1] The historic building received a replacement slate-tile roof as part of the renovation completed in 2019.^[12]

The interior features a reception room/picture gallery with the museum to the right and a trio of reading rooms to the left. Beyond the reading rooms are the two-story stacks that feature a tall 6-arch arcade on each side, topped by a wooden barrel-vaulted ceiling. There are curved staircases at the four corners of the stacks, in addition to the main stair in the tower.

A statue of native son and notable scientist Sir Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford, stands on the main lawn before the library.

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  Gable and tower.
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  Museum exterior.
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  Entrance porch.
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  Memorial plaque.
• 
  Entrance.
• 
  Reception room/picture gallery, ca.1890.
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  Museum/natural history room, ca.1890.
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  Reading rooms, ca.1890.
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  Book stacks, ca.1890.
• 
  Book stacks, ca.1890.

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Middlesex County, Massachusetts
• List of National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts
• William Richard Cutter
• Benjamin Champney

• Annual report of the Woburn Public Library. 1890-1894
• William R. Cutter. "A Model Village Library." New England Magazine v.1, no.6, February 1890, pp. 617–25.
• Carolyn Pitts, "NHL Architecture Theme", in CRM Bulletin, Cultural Resources Management, A National Park Service Technical Bulletin, Volume 10: No. 6, December 1987.
• Margaret Henderson Floyd, Architecture After Richardson: Regionalism Before Modernism, University of Chicago Press, 1994, page 192. ISBN 0-226-25410-0.

• Winn Memorial Library from Great Buildings.
• Winn Memorial Library from ArchiPlanet.