Lancaster may refer to:

• Duke of Lancaster
• Earl of Lancaster
• House of Lancaster, a British royal dynasty

• Lancaster, Victoria

• Lancaster, New Brunswick
• Lancaster, Newfoundland and Labrador
• Lancaster, Ontario
• Lancaster, St. Catharines, Ontario

• Lancaster, Lancashire, the original Lancaster from which other place names are derived
  • Lancaster (UK Parliament constituency), a historical political district
  • City of Lancaster, local government district established in 1974

• Lancaster, Arkansas, a ghost town
• Lancaster, California, the largest "Lancaster" in the world by population
• Lancaster, Illinois
• Lancaster, Huntington County, Indiana
• Lancaster, Jefferson County, Indiana
  • Patricksburg, Indiana, a community also called Lancaster
• Lancaster, Kansas
• Lancaster, Kentucky
• Lancaster, Massachusetts
• Lancaster, Minnesota
• Lancaster, Missouri
• Lincoln, Nebraska (once known as Lancaster)
• Lancaster, New Hampshire, a New England town
  • Lancaster (CDP), New Hampshire, village within the town
• Lancaster, New York, a town
  • Lancaster (village), New York, within the town of Lancaster
• Lancaster, Ohio
• Lancaster, Oregon
• Lancaster, Pennsylvania, the oldest inland city and one-time capital of the United States
• Lancaster, South Carolina
• Lancaster, Tennessee
• Lancaster, Texas
• Lancaster, Virginia
• Lancaster, Wisconsin, a city
• Lancaster County, Nebraska
• Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
• Lancaster County, South Carolina
• Lancaster County, Virginia
• Lancaster Township, Pennsylvania (disambiguation), multiple locations

• Lancaster Group, a cosmetics company founded in Monaco in 1946, now part of Coty
• Lancaster Leaf Tobacco Company, an American subsidiary of Universal Corporation
• J. Lancaster & Son, Birmingham, one of the world's major camera makers in 1898, held several shutter patents
• Lancaster, the codename for AMD Turion 64 processor for notebook computers
• Armstrong Siddeley Lancaster, a British car produced between 1945 and 1952
• Subaru Legacy Lancaster, the Japanese name for the Subaru Outback sold from 1998 to 2004

• Avro Lancaster, the World War II-era bomber aircraft
• HMS Lancaster, six ships of the Royal Navy, 1694 to the present
• USS Lancaster, four ships of the United States Navy, 1858 to 1945
• Lancaster pistol, a multi-barreled handgun

• Lancaster City F.C., an English football club based in Lancaster, England
• Lancaster Cricket Club, English cricket club based in Lancaster, England
• Lancaster Football Club, Australian Rules Football team based in Lancaster, Australia
• Lancaster JetHawks, a minor-league baseball team of the California League, United States
• Lancaster Park, a cricket and rugby ground in Christchurch, New Zealand
• Lancaster Rattlers, American soccer team in California, United States
• Lancaster Red Roses, former minor-league baseball team in Pennsylvania, United States
• Lancaster Stormers, formerly Lancaster Barnstormers, a minor-league baseball team in Pennsylvania, United States

• Lancaster (surname), people with the surname Lancaster
• Lancaster's or Lancaster Disease; alternative names for Treacher Collins syndrome
• Lancaster station (disambiguation), stations of the name
• Lancaster University, a university in England

• Lanchester (disambiguation)