Nihari (Hindi: निहारी; Bengali: নিহারী; Urdu: نہاری) is a stew originating in Lucknow, the capital of 18th-century Awadh under the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent. It consists of slow-cooked meat, mainly a shank cut of beef, lamb and mutton, or goat meat, as well as chicken and bone marrow. It is flavoured with long pepper (pippali), a relative of black pepper. In Pakistan and Bangladesh, nihari is often served and consumed with naan.

Etymology

The name nihari originates from Arabic nahâr (نهار), meaning "morning";[2][3][4] it was originally eaten by nawabs in the Mughal Empire as a breakfast course following Fajr prayer.[2][4]

History

According to many sources, nihari originated in the royal kitchens of Lucknow, in the Oudh State of the Mughal Empire, in modern-day Uttar Pradesh, India, in the late 18th century, during the last throes of Mughal rule.[3] It was originally meant to be consumed as a heavy, high-energy breakfast dish on an empty stomach by working-class citizens, particularly in colder climates and seasons. However, the dish later gained a significant amount of popularity and eventually became a staple of the royal cuisine of Mughal-era nawabs.[5][6]

Popularity

Nihari is a traditional dish among the Indian Muslim communities of Lucknow, Delhi, Hyderabad and Bhopal. Following the partition of India in 1947, many Urdu-speaking Muslims from India migrated to Karachi in West Pakistan and Dhaka in East Pakistan, and established a number of restaurants serving the dish. In Karachi, nihari became a large-scale success[7] and soon spread in prominence and availability across Pakistan.

Karachi-style beef nihari in Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia – garnished with ginger, coriander leaves, and green chillies

In some restaurants, a few kilograms from each day's leftover nihari is added to the next day's pot; this reused portion of the dish is known as taar and is believed to provide a unique flavour. Some nihari outlets in Old Delhi claim to have kept an unbroken cycle of taar going for more than a century.[8]

Medicinal remedies

Nihari is also used as a home remedy for fever, rhinorrhea, and the common cold.[9]

See also

References

  1. ^ Sen, Colleen Taylor; Bhattacharyya, Sourish; Saberi, Helen (23 February 2023). The Bloomsbury Handbook of Indian Cuisine. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 258. ISBN 978-1-350-12864-4.
  2. ^ a b Sengupta, Sushmita (3 January 2018). "Nihari: History Of The Meaty and Buttery Breakfast Staple of The Mughals". NDTV Food. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  3. ^ a b Chakravorty, Deblina (12 April 2012). "Nihari, a gift from Nawabs". The Times of India. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
  4. ^ a b "Nihari- historical recipe". Homtainment. 23 December 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  5. ^ "In celebration of winter's perfect dish, the mutton nihari!". Hindustan Times. 4 November 2017. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  6. ^ "Do you know what is Nalli Nihari? History of Nihari and recipe of Nalli Nihari". infusecooking.com. 29 June 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
  7. ^ "Nihari a la Mexican style". The Hindu Business Line. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
  8. ^ Sengupta, Sushmita (20 January 2022). "Nihari's 'Taar' to Dahi's 'Jamun': The Desi Art Of Using Remains Of Previous Batch To Flavour Next". Slurrp.com. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
  9. ^ "What is Nihari?". Archived from the original on 19 December 2014. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
Allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihari
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