Ceftiofur is an antibiotic of the cephalosporin type (third generation), licensed for use in veterinary medicine. It was first described in 1987.[3] It is marketed by pharmaceutical company Zoetis as Excenel,[4] Naxcel, and Excede and is also the active ingredient in that company's Spectramast LC (lactating cow formulation) and Spectramast DC (dry cow formulation) product.[citation needed]

It is resistant to the antibiotic resistance enzyme beta-lactamase, and has activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Escherichia coli strains resistant to ceftiofur have been reported.[5]

The metabolite desfuroylceftiofur also has antibiotic activity.[6] The two compounds are measured together to measure for antibiotic activity in milk (alongside other antibiotics).[7]

References

  1. ^ "Naxcel EPAR". European Medicines Agency. 20 October 2009. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
  2. ^ "Naxcel PI". Union Register of medicinal products. 24 May 2005. Retrieved 26 December 2024.
  3. ^ Yancey RJ, Kinney ML, Roberts BJ, Goodenough KR, Hamel JC, Ford CW (1987). "Ceftiofur sodium, a broad-spectrum cephalosporin: evaluation in vitro and in vivo in mice". Am. J. Vet. Res. 48 (7): 1050–3. PMID 3631686.
  4. ^ "Pfizer Animal Health Dairy Information on Products and Solutions". Archived from the original on 13 October 2007. Retrieved 20 November 2007.
  5. ^ Donaldson SC, Straley BA, Hegde NV, Sawant AA, DebRoy C, Jayarao BM (2006). "Molecular epidemiology of ceftiofur-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from dairy calves". Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72 (6): 3940–8. Bibcode:2006ApEnM..72.3940D. doi:10.1128/AEM.02770-05. PMC 1489609. PMID 16751500.
  6. ^ Salmon SA, Watts JL, Yancey RJ (July 1996). "In vitro activity of ceftiofur and its primary metabolite, desfuroylceftiofur, against organisms of veterinary importance". Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 8 (3): 332–336. doi:10.1177/104063879600800309. PMID 8844576.
  7. ^ "BetaStar Plus / For beta-lactam antibiotics / Product information sheet" (PDF). Neogen. Retrieved 9 September 2014.


Allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceftiofur
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