Some suggested translations of Japanese terms are listed below for informational purposes, although translations should adhere to guidelines and policies, particularly the manual of style for Japan-related articles.
Japanese to English translations
(in Japanese alphabetical order, by subject)
- 明るく正しい選挙の推進 — akaruku tadashii senkyo no suishin; promotion of fair election
- アクセス道路 — akusesu dōro; access road
- 圧力団体 — atsuryoku dantai; pressure group; special interest group
- 奄美群島振興開発事業 — amami guntō shinkō kaihatsu jigyō; Amami Islands Development Project
- 安全衛生管理者 — anzen eisei kanrisha; safety and sanitation manager
- 安全管理 — anzen kanri; safety control; safety management
- 安全地帯 — anzen chitai; safety zone; safety island; traffic island
- 安全厚生推進室 — anzen kōsei suishinshitsu; Safety and Health office
- 委員会制度 — iinkai seido; committee system
- 育児休業手当金 — ikuji kyūgyō teatekin; childcare non-work allowance
- 育児休業法 — ikuji kyūgyōhō; Law for the Right to Take Leave from Post for Infant Rearing
- 違憲立法審査権 — iken rippō shinsaken; judicial review of legislative constitutionality
- 幹事長 — kanjichō; secretary-general
- 国務大臣 — kokumu daijin; the Ministers of State
- 参議院 — sangiin; House of Councillors
- 衆議院 — shugiin; House of Representatives of Japan
- 政調会長・政治調査会長(自民党) — seichō-kaichō / seijichō-sakaichō (jimintō); chairman of the Policy Research Council (LDP)
- 総裁(自民党) — sōsai (jimintō); (party) president (LDP)
- 総務会長(自民党) — sōmu-kaichō (jimintō) ; chairman of the general council (LDP)
- 代表(民主党) — daihyō (jimintō); (party) president (DP)
- 治安維持法 — chian ijihō; Peace Preservation Law
Addresses & Administrative Divisions
- 字 — aza; section of a village or town
- 大字 — ōaza; large section of a village or town
- 区 — -ku; municipal ward, the 23 wards of Tokyo call themselves cities in English now.
- 郡 — -gun; district
- 県 — -ken; prefecture
- 号 — -gō; building number
- 市 — -shi; city
- 支庁 — shichō; subprefecture (used only in Hokkaidō)
- 丁目 — chōme; numbered city district
- 都 — -to; "metropolis", metropolitan prefecture (used only for Tokyo)
- 道 — -dō; "circuit", prefecture (used only for Hokkaidō)
- 番地 — banchi; numbered city block (sometimes abbreviated to 番 ban)
- 府 — -fu; urban prefecture (used only for Kyoto and Osaka)
- 町 — -machi/-chō; town; also a submunicipal division
- 村 — -mura/-son; village
Historical Events / Terms
- 大目付 — ōmetsuke; inspectors general
- 贈り名 — okurina; posthumous name
- 華族 — kazoku; the nobility
- 勘定奉行 — kanjōbugyō; commissioners of finance
- 関東大震災 — kantō daishinsai; Great Kanto earthquake
- 国 — (no) kuni; province
- 石高 — kokudaka; Rice crop
- 鎖国政策 — sakokuseisaku; seclusion policy (isolation policy)
- 士農工商 — shinōkōshō; warriors/farmers/artisans/tradesmen
- 親藩 — shinpan; the Tokugawa family
- 政令 — seirei; order
- 関が原の戦い — Sekigahara no tatakai; the battle of Sekigahara
- 摂政 — sesshō; regency (摂政 Regent)
- 外様 — tozama; outside daimyo
- 幕藩体制 — bakuhan taisei; shogunate and domain system
- 人質 — hitojichi; hostage
- 藤原氏 — Fujiwara-uji; Fujiwara clan
- 譜代 — fudai; family's vassals
- 町奉行 — machibugyō; commissioners of major cities
- 満州事変 — Manshū jihen; Manchurian Incident
- 明治維新 — Meiji ishin; the Meiji Restoration
- 老中 — rōjū; senior councilors
- 若年寄 — wakadoshiyori; junior councilors
Business and Economics
- 青色申告 — aoiro shinkoku; blue tax return
- 青色事業専従者 — aoiro jigyō senjūsha; dependents of a taxpayer submitting a blue tax return
- 赤字原因 — akaji gen'in; cause of deficit
- 赤字鉄道路線 — akaji tetsudō rosen; deficit-ridden railway line
- 赤字国債 — akaji kokusai; a national deficit loan
- 赤字財政 — akaji zaisei; deficit finance
- 赤字団体 — akaji dantai; local governments with financial deficit
- 赤字公債 — akaji kōsai; deficit bond; deficit-covering national bond
- 赤字バス路線 — akaji basu rosen; deficit-ridden bus route
- 赤字予算 — akaji yosan; deficit budget
- 赤字路線 — akaji rosen; deficit-ridden transport line
- 圧縮記帳 — asshuku kichō; advanced depreciation
- 斡旋 — assen; conciliation; arbitration; negotiation
- アンダーパー発行 andā pā hakkō — issue at under par value
- 八幡製鉄所 — Yawata seitetsusho/seitetsujo; Yawata Steel Works
Culture, the Arts, Religion
- 育英資金 — ikuei shikin; student awards; student grants; (scholarship: fellowship)
- 浮世絵 — ukiyoe; ukiyoe wood block printing
- 浄土宗 — jōdoshū; the Pure Land sect
- 俳句 — haiku; haiku
- 雛人形 — hina ningyō; hina dolls
- 文化勲章 — bunkakunshō; a Cultural Medal
- 読み書きそろばん — yomikakisoroban;the three R's
Miscellaneous
- 悪臭対策 — akushū taisaku; preventive measures against unpleasant odors
See also
External links
- http://tokyo.cool.ne.jp/mrphnx/index.html in Japanese
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