Ahmad Shah or Ahmed Shah is the name of:

• Ahmad Shah Durrani (r. 1747–1772), founder of the Durrani dynasty and the Afghan Empire
• Ahmad Shah I Wali (r. 1422–1436), ninth Sultan of the Bahmani Sultanate
• Alau'd-din Ahmad Shah (r. 1436–1458), tenth Sultan of the Bahmani Sultanate
• Ahmad Shah Bahadur (r. 1748–1775), a Mughal emperor of northern India
• Ahmad Shah Qajar (r. 1909–1930), last ruler of Iran's Qajar dynasty
• Ahmad Shah, (r. 1511–1513) Sultan of Malacca
• Shamsuddin Ahmad Shah (r. 1433–1435), Sultan of Bengal

Rulers of Pahang

• Ahmad Shah I of Pahang (r. 1475–1495)
• Ahmad Shah II of Pahang (r. 1590–1592)
• Ahmad Shah of Pahang (r. 1974–2019), 5th Sultan of modern Pahang and one of the heads-of-state of Malaysia

Rulers of the Gujarat Sultanate

• Ahmad Shah I (1411-1442) who founded Ahmedabad, India
• Ahmad Shah II (1451-1458)
• Ahmad Shah III (1554-1567)

• Ahmad Shah (Taliban) (nom de guerre Mohammad Ismail, died 2008), Taliban leader in northeastern Afghanistan; the focus of Operation Red Wings
• Ahmad Shah Khan, claimant to the abolished throne of Afghanistan
• Ahmad Shah Massoud (1953–2001), leader of the Afghan Northern Alliance
• Ahmed Shah (Afghan cricketer) born 1983, Afghan cricketer
• Ahmed Shah (Indian cricketer) born 1995, Indian cricketer

• Malik Ahmad Nizam Shah I (reigned 1480–1509, died 1510), Nizam of Ahmadnagar