Orlovsky (Орловский) or Orlovski (Орловски), Russian feminine: Orlovskaya is a Russian and Bulgarian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Alexey Orlovski (born 1963), Russian artist
• Alina Orlovskaya, real name of Alina Orlova (born 1988), Lithuanian singer and musician
• Boris Orlovsky (1793–1837), Russian academician and sculptor
• Dan Orlovsky (born 1983), American football player
• Dobrin Orlovski, Bulgarian footballer
• Kirill Orlovsky (1895–1968), Soviet partisan commander, a functionary of the Soviet state security agencies (Cheka-GPU-NKVD), and the chairman of a major kolkhoz
• Nikolai Orlovsky, Russian spelling of Nicolae Orlovschi (born 1985), Moldovan footballer
• Peter Orlovsky (1933–2010), American poet
• Radislav Orlovsky (born 1970), Belarusian football coach and a former player
• Stephen Orlofsky (born 1944), American lawyer
• Vladimir Orlovsky (1842 – 1914), Russian painter of Ukrainian origin

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