These are the orders of battle of the Iraqi and Iranian armies for the start of the Iran–Iraq War in 1980.

Iraq

Iraqi Armed Forces

Iraqi Army

See also: Iraqi Army

1st Corps (Iraq) (HQ in Kirkuk), facing Iranian Kurdistan

2nd Army Corps (HQ in Baghdad, ACP in Khanaqin), between Qasr-e-Shirin and Dezful

3rd Army Corps (HQ in Basra), facing Khuzestan

General reinforcements

  • 31st, 32nd and 33rd Special Forces Brigades, in Baghdad
  • 42nd Parachute Brigade, in Baghdad and Kut
  • 147th (Scud-B) and 148th (Frog-7) Artillery Brigades[1]

Iraqi Army Aviation Corps

Iraqi Air Force

Iraqi Navy

At Basra

  • 6 torpedo boats (P-6 Class),
  • 3 Light Patrol Boats
  • 3 Minesweepers
  • 1 Naval Infantry Battalion

At Umm Qasr

At Al-Faw

  • 4 Torpedo Boats
  • 3 Light Patrol Boats
  • 2 Minesweepers
  • 1 Naval Infantry Battalion[4]

Other forces

Sudan sent seven infantry brigades (53,000 men) to help Iraq against Iran.[5] In addition, 20,000 Arab volunteers fought in the Iraqi army[5] from five different countries, such as Egypt, Jordan,[6][7][8] Morocco, North Yemen[9] and Tunisia.

Iran

Iranian Armed Forces

Iranian Army

See also: Islamic Republic of Iran Army

In Tehran

  • 21st Mechanized Division
    • 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th mechanized Brigades (BTR-60)
  • 15th Mountain Infantry Brigade
  • 23rd Special Forces Brigade

In Qazvin

  • 16th Armoured Division
    • 1st, 2nd and 3rd Tank Brigades (M60)

In Shiraz

  • 37th Tank Brigade (M-48)
  • 55th Parachute Brigade

In Kurdistan

  • 28th Mechanized Division
    • 1st Tank Brigade (M48), 2nd and 3rd Mechanized Brigades (M113)
  • 6rh Motorized Infantry Division
    • 1st, 2nd and 3rd Infantry Brigades

In Kermanshah

  • 81st Armoured Division
  • 84th Mechanized Brigade (M113)

In Khuzestan

  • 92nd Armoured Division
    • 1st, 2nd and 3rd Tank Brigades (Chieftain)
  • 138th and 141st Mechanized Infantry Battalions from the 21st Mechanized Division
  • 151st Fortification Battalion reinforced by a naval infantry battalion in Khorramshahr
  • Two tank battalions detached from the 37th and 88th Tank Brigades
  • 22nd and 55th Artillery Brigades

In the Northeast, facing the USSR and Afghanistan

  • 77th Mechanized Division
    • 1st Tank Brigade (M47), 2nd and 3rd Mechanized Brigades (BTR-50)
  • 30th Motorized Infantry Brigade (BTR-60)

In Zahedan

  • 88th Tank Brigade (Chieftain)[10]

Iranian Army Aviation

  • 1st Direct Combat Support Group (Kermanshah)
    • 3 Attack Battalions (1 operational) (AH-1J)
    • 3 Assault Battalions (1 operational) (Bell 214A)
    • 2 Reconnaissance Battalions (1 company operational) (Bell 206)
    • 1 Transport Battalion (1 company operational) (CH-47C)
    • Detachment at Qassr-e-Shirin (AH-1J, Bell 214A, Bell 206)
  • 2nd Direct Combat Support Group (Masjed Soleyman)
    • 2 Attack Battalions (1 company operational) (AH-1J)
    • 2 Assault Battalions (1 company operational) (Bell 214A)
    • 1 Reconnaissance Battalions (1 company operational) (Bell 206)
    • 1 Transport Company (Few helicopters operational) (CH-47C)
  • 3rd Direct Combat Support Group (Kerman)
    • 1 Attack Battalion (1 company operational) (AH-1J)
    • 1 Assault Battalion (1 company operational) (Bell 214A)
    • 1 Reconnaissance Company (1 company operational) (Bell 206)
    • 1 Transport Company (Few helicopters operational) (CH-47C)
    • Detachment at Qassr-e-Shirin (AH-1J, Bell 214A)
  • 4th General Support Group (Kermanshah)
    • 4 Attack Battalions (1 operational) (AH-1J)
    • 5 Assault Battalions (1 operational) (Bell 214A)
    • 3 Reconnaissance Battalions (1 company operational) (Bell 206)
    • 1 Transport Battalion (1 company operational) (CH-47C)
    • 1 Transport Battalion (1 company operational) (Turbo Commander)
    • 1 Transport Battalion (1 company operational) (F.27)
  • 5th Operational Communications Company
    • Miscellaneous detachments and aircraft[11]

Iranian Air Force

Iranian Navy

At Bandar Abbas

At Bushehr

At Kharg

  • 3 Missile Boats - Zoubin, Paykan, Joshan (Kaman Class)
  • 1 Patrol Boat
  • 3 Hydroplanes
  • 1 Naval Infantry Detachment

At Khorramshar

  • 2 Patrol Boats
  • 3 Hydroplanes
  • 1 Naval Infnatry Battalion[13]

Revolutionary Guards (Pasdaran)

Ground Forces of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps

Other forces

Iran was supported by the Iraqi Shia rebels and Lebanese Hezbollah.[14] Shia volunteer fighters also came from Afghanistan,[15][16] Pakistan,[17] India, Kuwait, Bahrain[18] and Iraq to help Iran during the war.[19]

Notes

  1. ^ Razoux, Pierre (2015). The Iran-Iraq War (1st ed.). Cambridge Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. pp. 517–518. ISBN 978-0-674-08863-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  2. ^ Hooton, E.R., Cooper, Tom, Nadimi, Farzin (2019). The Iran-Iraq War Volume 1: The Battle for Khuzestan, September 1980-May 1982 (2nd ed.). Warwick, England: Helion & Company Limited. p. 17. ISBN 978-1-913336-92-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Razoux, Pierre (2015). The Iran Iraq War (1st ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 520. ISBN 978-0-674-08863-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  4. ^ Razoux, Pierre (2015). The Iran-Iraq War (1st ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. pp. 521–522. ISBN 978-0-674-08863-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  5. ^ a b Middleton, Drew (October 4, 1982). "SUDANESE BRIGADES COULD PROVIDE KEY AID FOR IRAQ; Military Analysis". The New York Times – via NYTimes.com.
  6. ^ "Jordan's call for volunteers to fight Iran misfires (The Christian Science Monitor)". The Christian Science Monitor. 11 February 1982. Archived from the original on 8 December 2019. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
  7. ^ Schenker, David Kenneth (2003). Dancing with Saddam: The Strategic Tango of Jordanian-Iraqi Relations (PDF). The Washington Institute for Near East Policy / Lexington Books. ISBN 0-7391-0649-X. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 January 2017.
  8. ^ "Jordanian Unit Going To Aid Iraq 6 Hussein Will Join Volunteer Force Fighting Iranians (The Washington Post)". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 8 December 2019. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
  9. ^ Dictionary of modern Arab history, Kegan Paul International 1998. ISBN 978-0710305053 p. 196.
  10. ^ Razoux, Pierre (2015). The Iran-Iraq War (1st ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. pp. 523–524. ISBN 978-0-674-08863-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  11. ^ Hooton, E.R., Cooper, Tom, Nadimi, Farzin (2019). The Iran-Iraq War Volume 1: The Battle for Khuzestan, September 1980-May 1982 (2nd ed.). Warwick, England: Helion & Company Limited. p. 15. ISBN 978-1-913336-92-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ Razoux, Pierre (2015). The Iran Iraq War (1st ed.). Cambridge Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. pp. 527–528. ISBN 978-0-674-08863-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  13. ^ Razoux, Pierre (2015). The Iran Iraq War (1st ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. pp. 526–528. ISBN 978-0-674-08863-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  14. ^ Dr. Nimrod Raphaeli (11 February 2009). "The Iranian Roots of Hizbullah". MEMRI. Archived from the original on 11 February 2009.
  15. ^ "Memoires of Afghan volunteers in Iran-Iraq war published (tehrantimes.com)". 7 October 2018.
  16. ^ ""Mohsen, the Japanese" chronicles life of Afghan volunteer fighter in Iran-Iraq war (tehrantimes.com)". 16 December 2020.
  17. ^ Williamson Murray, Kevin M. Woods (2014): The Iran–Iraq War. A Military and Strategic history. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-06229-0 p. 223
  18. ^ Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (Project Muse)
  19. ^ IRAN’S SHIA DIPLOMACY: RELIGIOUS IDENTITY AND FOREIGN POLICY IN THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC

Sources

Further reading

  • Pesach Malovany, "Wars of Modern Babylon", University Press of Kentucky, June 2017, ISBN 0813169437 / ISBN 978-0813169439.
  • E R Hooton, Tom Cooper, Farzin Nadimi, The Iran-Iraq War Volume 1: The Battle for Khuzestan September 1980-May 1982, Middle East@War #23, October 2019 Revised & Expanded Edition, ISBN 9781913118525. It's precise down the number of heavy vehicles (tanks etc.) per brigade as of September 1980.
Allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_battle_during_the_Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War
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