The Kurkureu-Suu (Куркуреу су on Soviet-era maps) is a river originating in the Kyrgyz Republic that is in the basin of the Talas river but that does not connect to it.[1] It is a transboundary river, shared administratively between the Kyrgyz Republic and Kazakhstan into which it flows.[1]

A village, Kurkureusu [kk], and a KTZ railway station are near the river.

Hydrology

Course

The river forms in Kyrgyz mountains on the northern slopes of Talas Ala-Too, running down a gorge and through the Kara-Too ridge, to merge with a tributary of the Ters to form the Asa on the plains of Kazakhstan.[1] The Asa then runs north, turning westwards close to Taraz, to flow into Lake Bilyukol.[1]

Classification and measurements

It is a Tien Shan type of river, with its high water phase in March–September and low-water phase in October–February.[1] It is fed by ice-snow run-off from the mountains, and was catalogued by the Soviet Union in the 1970s as having a 3% glaciation area, i.e. 13.6 square kilometres (5.3 sq mi).[1]

Its annual discharge rate has risen since the 1970s soviet measurements, which were 6.19 cubic metres per second (219 cu ft/s) in the 1927–1972 period and are more recently 7.11 cubic metres per second (251 cu ft/s) in the 2001–2017 period.[2]

Administration

The original agreement covering the administration of the river was the Soviet-era Regulation on Water Sharing Between the Kazakh SSR and Kirgiz SSR for the Talas, Kurkureu-Su, and Aspara Rivers, enacted in 1942.[3] It controlled the share of the river between what were then Soviet republics.[3]

The Smart Waters project, supported by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID),[4] included plans for the river starting in 2017. The object was to improve water allocation. With decreasing areas of cultivation on the Khazak side and a lack of maintenance of irrigation channels on that side, and a lack of water on the Kyrgyz side, the project aimed to provide more water to that side and to update the 70-year old Soviet-era guidelines.[5]

The river, the surrounding area, and Sheker were settings for the early works of Kyrgyz author Chinghiz Aitmatov.[6][7]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Chontoev & Bazhanova 2021, p. 54.
  2. ^ Chontoev & Bazhanova 2021, pp. 54–55.
  3. ^ a b SLG 1967, p. 15.
  4. ^ "Smart Waters". USAID. Retrieved 22 February 2025.
  5. ^ "First steps towards water diplomacy on the river Kurkureu su – the establishment of a small basin council". Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Program. 28 February 2017. Retrieved 22 February 2025.
  6. ^ Shalimov 1981, p. 24.
  7. ^ Lebedeva 1972, p. 24.

Bibliography

  • Chontoev, Dogdurbek T.; Bazhanova, L. V. (2021). "Reactions and Dynamics of Drains on Small Transboundary Rivers with Various Feeding Types and the Effect on Climate Change". In Kulenbekov, Zheenbek E.; Asanov, Baktyiar D. (eds.). Water Resource Management in Central Asia and Afghanistan: Current and Future Environmental and Water Issues. Springer Nature. pp. 51–60. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-68337-5_6. ISBN 9783030683375.
  • Shalimov, Azamat (1981). "How a human being can be human". Soviet Life. Embassy of the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics in the USA. p. 24.
  • Советское государство и право [Soviet Law and Government] (in Russian). Vol. 6. International Arts and Sciences Press. 1967.
  • Lebedeva, Larisa Iosifovna (1972). повести Чингиза Айтматова [Tales by Chingiz Aitmatov] (in Russian). Moscow: Khudozh. lit. OL 19660955M.

Allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurkureu-Suu
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