Aurelian was Roman emperor from 270 to 275.

Aurelian may also refer to:

• "Aurelian" is the adjectival form of Aurelius and often refers to the emperor Marcus Aurelius (r. 161–180).
• Aurelian of Limoges, 2nd bishop of Limoges
• Paul Aurelian, 6th century Welsh saint
• Aurelian of Réôme (fl. 840–850), 9th century Frankish music-theorist
• Aurelian Smith, professional wrestler known as Grizzly Smith (1932–2010)
• Aurelian Smith, Jr., his son, professional wrestler known as Jake Roberts (b. 1955)

• Aurelian (entomology), archaic term for lepidopterist
• "The Aurelian", a 1930 short story by Vladimir Nabokov
• Aurelians, an alien race in the video game Advent Rising
• Lorgar Aurelian, primarch of the Word Bearers in the fictional Warhammer 40000 universe
• Aurelian, an age in the European land mammal age system, corresponding to the late Middle Pleistocene and Late Pleistocene

• Aurelianus (disambiguation)
• Aurelius (disambiguation)