Anthoceras is a genus of straight, annulated, proterocamerioceratid molluscs (Order Endocerida) from the Lower Ordovician, found in North America, North-Western Australia, and Siberia. The cross section is circular, the siphuncle moderately large, and marginal. Segments are constricted (producing concave profiles in internal molds); septal necks hemichoantici to subholochoantic (reaching halfway to almost to the previous septum); connecting rings thick. Endocones are long and slightly asymmetric.

This genus is based on the phragmocone, the chambered part of the shell; the apical and apertural ends are unknown.

• Mutvei, Harry (1997). "Siphuncular structure in Ordovician endocerid cephalopods". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 42 (3): 375–390.
• Crick, Rex E.; Teichert, Curt (January 1983). "Ordovician endocerid genus Anthoceras: its occurrence and morphology". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 7 (2): 155–162. Bibcode:1983Alch....7..155C. doi:10.1080/03115518308619626. ISSN 0311-5518.

• Curt Teichert, 1964. Endoceratoidea. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part K. Geol Soc. of America and Univ of Kansas press. Teichert and Moore (eds)
• Teichert; Glenister (1954). "Early Ordovician cephalopod fauna from northwestern Australia". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 35 (150): 7–112.