Reede, märts 14, 2025

Aja viide. Aja lugu.

Martin Helme

Alovudine (fluorothymidine) is an antiviral agent which was being developed by Medivir. It was discontinued after a Phase II trial in 2005 due to toxicity. It is a DNA polymerase inhibitor.^[1]

See also

Fluorothymidine F-18, an isotopically enriched version of alovudine used as a PET tracer

References

^ Georgopapadakou N (January 2007). "Discontinued drugs in 2005: anti-infectives". Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs. 16 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1517/13543784.16.1.1. PMID 17155849. S2CID 24703317.

Antiviral drugs: antiretroviral drugs used against HIV (primarily J05)

Capsid inhibitors

Lenacapavir (LEN)

Entry/fusion inhibitors
(Discovery and development)

gp41 (Enfuvirtide (ENF, T-20))^◊
CCR5 (Maraviroc (MVC)
Vicriviroc^†, Cenicriviroc^†, Leronlimab^†)
CD4 (Ibalizumab (IBA), Semzuvolimab^§)
gp120 (Fostemsavir (FTR))

Integrase inhibitors
(Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI))

Maturation inhibitors

Protease Inhibitors (PI)
(Discovery and development)

1^st generation	Amprenavir (APV)^‡ Fosamprenavir (FPV) Indinavir (IDV)^◊ Lopinavir (LPV) Nelfinavir (NFV)^◊ Ritonavir (RTV)^# Saquinavir (SQV)^◊
2^nd generation	Atazanavir (ATV)°^# Darunavir (DRV)°^# Tipranavir (TPV)^◊ TMC-310911^§

Reverse-transcriptase
inhibitors (RTIs)

Nucleoside and
nucleotide (NRTI)

Nucleoside analogues/NRTIs: Abacavir (ABC)^#
Didanosine (ddI)^◊
Emtricitabine (FTC)
Lamivudine (3TC)^#
Stavudine (d4T)^◊
Zalcitabine (ddC)^‡
Zidovudine (AZT, ZDV)^#
Amdoxovir^†
Apricitabine^†
Censavudine^†
Elvucitabine^†
Islatravir (EFdA, ISL)^§
Racivir^†
Stampidine^†

Non-nucleoside (NNRTI)
(Discovery and development)

1^st generation	Efavirenz (EFV)^# Nevirapine (NVP)^# Delavirdine (DLV)^‡
2^nd generation	diarylpyrimidines Dapivirine (DPV) Etravirine (ETR) Rilpivirine (RPV) Doravirine (DOR) Elsulfavirine (ESV)

Combined formulations

Pharmacokinetic boosters

Experimental agents

Uncoating inhibitors	TRIM5alpha (gene)
Transcription inhibitors	Tat antagonists
Translation inhibitors	Trichosanthin
BNAbs	Elipovimab
Other	Abzyme BIT225^† Calanolide A Ceragenin Cyanovirin-N Diarylpyrimidines Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) Foscarnet Fosdevirine^† Griffithsin Hydroxycarbamide KP-1461^† Miltefosine Portmanteau inhibitors Scytovirin Seliciclib^† Synergistic enhancers Tre recombinase Zinc finger protein transcription factor
Failed agents	Aplaviroc Atevirdine Brecanavir Capravirine Dexelvucitabine Droxinavir Lasinavir Emivirine Lersivirine Lodenosine Loviride Mozenavir Palinavir Telinavir

^#WHO-EM
^‡Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
- ^†Phase III
- ^§Never to phase III

°DHHS recommended initial regimen options. ^◊Formerly or rarely used agent.

DNA virus antivirals (primarily J05, also S01AD and D06BB)

DNA-synthesis
inhibitor

TK activated

Purine analogue	guanine (Aciclovir^#/Valaciclovir Ganciclovir/Valganciclovir^# Penciclovir/Famciclovir) adenine (Vidarabine)
Pyrimidine analogue	uridine (Idoxuridine Trifluridine (+tipiracil) Edoxudine) thymine Brivudine FV-100^† Sorivudine^‡ cytosine (Cytarabine)

Not TK activated

Foscarnet

Other

assembly: Rifampicin

Hepatitis B (VII)

Nucleoside analogues/NARTIs: Entecavir^#
Lamivudine
Lobucavir^†
Telbivudine
Clevudine

Multiple/general

Nucleic acid inhibitors	Cidofovir Brincidofovir
Interferon	Interferon alfa 2b Peginterferon alfa-2a^#
Multiple/unknown	Filociclovir^† Ribavirin^#/Taribavirin^† Moroxydine

^#WHO-EM
^‡Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
- ^†Phase III
- ^§Never to phase III

RNA virus antivirals (primarily J05, also S01AD and D06BB)

NS3/4A protease inhibitors (–previr)	Asunaprevir Boceprevir^‡ Ciluprevir^§ Danoprevir^† Faldaprevir^‡ Glecaprevir Grazoprevir Narlaprevir Paritaprevir Simeprevir Sovaprevir^† Telaprevir^‡ Vaniprevir Vedroprevir^§ Voxilaprevir
NS5A inhibitors (–asvir)	Coblopasvir Daclatasvir^# Elbasvir Ledipasvir Odalasvir^† Ombitasvir Pibrentasvir Ravidasvir^† Ruzasvir^† Samatasvir^† Velpatasvir
NS5B RNA polymerase inhibitors (–buvir)	Beclabuvir^† Bemnifosbuvir^† Dasabuvir^# Deleobuvir^§ Filibuvir^§ GS-6620^§ IDX-184^§ Setrobuvir^§ Sofosbuvir^# Tegobuvir^§ TMC-647055^§ Radalbuvir^† Uprifosbuvir^†
Combination drugs	Elbasvir/grazoprevir Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir^# Ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir^# Sofosbuvir/daclatasvir Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir^# Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir

Bulevirtide

viral entry: Pleconaril^†

Anti-influenza agents

neuraminidase inhibitors/release phase (Oseltamivir^#
Zanamivir
Peramivir, Laninamivir^†)

Multiple/general

Interferon	Interferon alfa 2b Peginterferon alfa-2a^# Peginterferon alfa-2b^#
3CL protease inhibitors (–trelvir)	Atilotrelvir Ensitrelvir^† Ibuzatrelvir Leritrelvir Lufotrelvir Nirmatrelvir^† (+ritonavir)^† Rupintrivir Simnotrelvir (+ritonavir^†)
RNA pol inhibitors	CMX521^§ Deuremidevir^† Favipiravir Galidesivir^† GS-441524^§ Remdesivir MK-608^§ Mericitabine^† Molnupiravir NITD008^§ Ribavirin^# Taribavirin^† Triazavirin Valopicitabine^†
Multiple/Unknown/Other	EICAR^§ Merimepodib^§ Moroxydine Presatovir^†

^#WHO-EM
^‡Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
- ^†Phase III
- ^§Never to phase III

Allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alovudine

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Tallinn

Tallinn, EE

8:13 p.l., märts 14, 2025

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