The 2022–23 CAF Champions League qualifying rounds began on 10 September 2022 and ended on 20 October 2022. A total of 58 teams competed in the qualifying rounds to decide the 16 places in the group stage of the 2022–23 CAF Champions League.
Times were local.
Draw
The draw for the qualifying rounds was held on 9 August 2022 at the CAF headquarters in Cairo, Egypt.[1][2][3]
The entry round of the 58 teams entered into the draw was determined by their performances in the CAF competitions for the previous five seasons (CAF 5-year ranking points shown in parentheses).
Format
In the qualifying rounds, each tie was played on a home-and-away two-legged basis. If the aggregate score was tied after the second leg, the away goals rule was applied, and if still tied, extra time was not played, and the penalty shoot-out was used to determine the winner (Regulations III. 13 & 14).
Schedule
The schedule of the competition was as follows.
| Round | Draw date | First leg | Second leg |
|---|---|---|---|
| First round | 9 August 2022 | 9–11 September 2022 | 16–18 September 2022 |
| Second round | 7–9 October 2022 | 14–16 October 2022 |
Bracket
The bracket of the draw was announced by the CAF on 9 August 2022.
The 16 winners of the second round advanced to the group stage, while the 16 losers of the second round entered the CAF Confederation Cup playoff round.
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 |  Rivers United
| 3 | 0 | 3 | |||||||||
| 4 |  Watanga
| 0 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Rivers United
| 2 | 0 | 2 | ||||||||||
 Wydad AC
| 1 | 6 | 7 | ||||||||||
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 |  AS Stade Mandji
| 2 | 0 | 2 | |||||||||
| 4 | Plateau United
| 2 | 1 | 3 | |||||||||
| Plateau United
| 2 | 0 | 2 | ||||||||||
 Espérance de Tunis (a)
| 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 |  ASN Nigelec
| 2 | 0 | 2 | |||||||||
| 4 |  SOA Renaissante
| 1 | 0 | 1 | |||||||||
| ASN Nigelec
| 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Raja CA
| 2 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 |  APR
| 1 | 0 | 1 | |||||||||
| 4 | Union Monastirienne
| 0 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
| Union Monastirienne
| 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
 Al Ahly
| 1 | 3 | 4 | ||||||||||
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 |  Olympic Real de Bangui
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| 4 |  Vipers
| 3 | 1 | 4 | |||||||||
| Vipers (p)
| 0 | 0 | 0 (4) | ||||||||||
 TP Mazembe
| 0 | 0 | 0 (2) | ||||||||||
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 |  Volcan Club
| 1 | — | — | |||||||||
| 4 |  La Passe
| 0 | — | w/o | |||||||||
| La Passe
| 0 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
 Mamelodi Sundowns
| 7 | 8 | 15 | ||||||||||
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 |  Coton Sport Benin
| 1 | 0 | 1 | |||||||||
| 4 |  ASEC Mimosas
| 2 | 2 | 4 | |||||||||
| ASEC Mimosas
| 0 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Horoya
| 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||
| 3 |  Hawks
| — | — | ||||||||||
| 2 | Horoya
| — | — | w/o | |||||||||
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 |  ASKO Kara
| 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||
| 4 |  FC Nouadhibou
| 1 | 0 | 1 | |||||||||
| ASKO Kara
| 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||
 JS Kabylie
| 2 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||
| 3 |  Casa Sports
| 1 | 0 | 1 | |||||||||
| 2 | JS Kabylie
| 0 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 |  Deportivo Mongomo
| 2 | 0 | 2 | |||||||||
| 4 |  Djoliba
| 0 | 5 | 5 | |||||||||
| Djoliba
| 2 | 0 | 2 | ||||||||||
| CR Belouizdad
| 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||
| 3 |  Bo Rangers
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| 2 | CR Belouizdad
| 0 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 |  Zalan
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| 4 |  Young Africans
| 4 | 5 | 9 | |||||||||
| Young Africans
| 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||
 Al Hilal
| 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||
| 3 |  Saint George
| 2 | 0 | 2 | |||||||||
| 2 | Al Hilal (a)
| 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 |  Arta Solar
| 1 | 0 | 1 | |||||||||
| 4 | Al Merrikh
| 2 | 0 | 2 | |||||||||
| Al Merrikh (a)
| 2 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||
 Al Ahli Tripoli
| 0 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||
| 3 |  KMKM
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| 2 | Al Ahli Tripoli
| 2 | 4 | 6 | |||||||||
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 |  Flambeau du Centre (a)
| 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||
| 4 | Al Ittihad
| 0 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||
| Flambeau du Centre
| 0 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Zamalek
| 1 | 5 | 6 | ||||||||||
| 3 |  Elect Sport
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| 2 | Zamalek
| 2 | 2 | 4 | |||||||||
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 | Cape Town City
| 2 | 0 | 2 | |||||||||
| 4 |  AS Otohô
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| Cape Town City
| 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
 Petro de Luanda
| 3 | 1 | 4 | ||||||||||
| 3 |  Black Bulls
| 0 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| 2 | Petro de Luanda
| 3 | 2 | 5 | |||||||||
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 |  Red Arrows
| 0 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| 4 | 1º de Agosto
| 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||
| 1º de Agosto
| 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Simba
| 3 | 1 | 4 | ||||||||||
| 3 |  Nyasa Big Bullets
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| 2 | Simba
| 2 | 2 | 4 | |||||||||
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 |  CFFA
| 2 | 1 | 3 | |||||||||
| 4 |  Royal Leopards
| 3 | 2 | 5 | |||||||||
| Royal Leopards
| 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||
 Coton Sport
| 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||
| 3 |  Matlama
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| 2 | Coton Sport
| 3 | 1 | 4 | |||||||||
| First round | Second round | ||||||||||||
| 1 |  Rail Club du Kadiogo (p)
| 0 | 1 | 1 (3) | |||||||||
| 4 |  Asante Kotoko
| 1 | 0 | 1 (1) | |||||||||
| Rail Club du Kadiogo
| 0 | 0 | 0 (3) | ||||||||||
| AS Vita Club (p)
| 0 | 0 | 0 (4) | ||||||||||
| 3 |  Gaborone United
| 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||
| 2 | AS Vita Club
| 0 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
First round
The first round, also called the first preliminary round, included the 52 teams that did not receive byes to the second round.
Notes:
| Rivers United | 3–0 | Watanga |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: Stanislas Ahomlanto (Benin)
| Watanga | 1–0 | Rivers United |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: Swahib Bangura (Sierra Leone)
Rivers United won 3–1 on aggregate.
| AS Stade Mandji | 2–2 | Plateau United |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: Abdou Abdel Mefire (Cameroon)
| Plateau United | 1–0 | AS Stade Mandji |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Referee: Vincent Kabore (Burkina Faso)
Plateau United won 3–2 on aggregate.
| ASN Nigelec | 2–1 | SOA Renaissante |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
|
Referee: Julian Nii Nunoo (Ghana)
| SOA Renaissante | 0–0 | ASN Nigelec |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: Raimundo Correia (Guinea-Bissau)
ASN Nigelec won 2–1 on aggregate.
| APR | 1–0 | Union Monastirienne |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Referee: Thierry Nkurunziza (Burundi)
Union Monastirienne won 3–1 on aggregate.
| Olympic Real de Bangui | 0–3 | Vipers |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: Jean Pierre Kabangu (DR Congo)
| Vipers | 1–0 | Olympic Real de Bangui |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Referee: Ring Malong (South Sudan)
Vipers won 4–0 on aggregate.
| Volcan Club | 1–0 | La Passe |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Referee: Thulani Sibandze (Eswatini)
| La Passe | Cancelled | Volcan Club |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
National Sports Complex Pitch 1, Saint Pierre (Mauritius)[note 2]
La Passe won on walkover after Volcan Club failed to appear for the second leg.[4]
| Coton Sport Benin | 1–2 | ASEC Mimosas |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: Brahamou Sadou Ali (Niger)
ASEC Mimosas won 4–1 on aggregate.
| ASKO Kara | 1–1 | FC Nouadhibou |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
|
Referee: Clement Franklin Kpan (Ivory Coast)
ASKO Kara won 2–1 on aggregate.
| Casa Sports | 1–0 | JS Kabylie |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Referee: Blaise Yuven Ngwa (Cameroon)
| JS Kabylie | 3–0 | Casa Sports |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Referee: Youssef Sraïri (Tunisia)
JS Kabylie won 3–1 on aggregate.
| Deportivo Mongomo | 2–0 | Djoliba |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: Patrice Mebiame (Gabon)
| Djoliba | 5–0 | Deportivo Mongomo |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Referee: El Hadji Amadou Sy (Senegal)
| Bo Rangers | 0–0 | CR Belouizdad |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
SKD Stadium, Monrovia (Liberia)[note 4]
Referee: Alhasan Bass (Gambia)
CR Belouizdad won 3–0 on aggregate.
| Zalan | 0–4 | Young Africans |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
National Stadium, Dar es Salaam (Tanzania)[note 5]
Referee: Idris Osman (Eritrea)
Young Africans won 9–0 on aggregate.
| Saint George | 2–1 | Al Hilal |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
|
Referee: Mohamed Diraneh Guedi (Djibouti)
2–2 on aggregate. Al Hilal won on away goals.
| Arta Solar | 1–2 | Al Merrikh |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Referee: Tewodros Mitiku (Ethiopia)
| Al Merrikh | 0–0 | Arta Solar |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Bahir Dar Stadium, Bahir Dar (Ethiopia)
Referee: Mashood Ssali (Uganda)
Al Merrikh won 2–1 on aggregate.
| KMKM | 0–2 | Al Ahli Tripoli |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: William Oloya (Uganda)
Al Ahli Tripoli won 6–0 on aggregate.
| Flambeau du Centre | 1–0 | Al Ittihad |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Chamazi Stadium, Dar es Salaam (Tanzania)
Referee: Elly Sasii (Tanzania)
| Al Ittihad | 2–1 | Flambeau du Centre |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
|
Referee: Youcef Gamouh (Algeria)
2–2 on aggregate. Flambeau du Centre won on away goals.
| Elect Sport | 0–2 | Zamalek |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Ahmadou Ahidjo Stadium, Yaoundé (Cameroon)
Referee: Jean-Piere Nguiene (Congo)
Zamalek won 4–0 on aggregate.
| Cape Town City | 2–0 | AS Otohô |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Referee: Artur Alfinar (Mozambique)
Cape Town City won 2–0 on aggregate.
| Black Bulls | 0–3 | Petro de Luanda |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: Audrick Nkole (Zambia)
Petro de Luanda won 5–1 on aggregate.
| Red Arrows | 0–1 | 1º de Agosto |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Referee: Keabetswe Dintwa (Botswana)
1º de Agosto won 2–1 on aggregate.
| Nyasa Big Bullets | 0–2 | Simba |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: Thando Ndzandzeka (South Africa)
Simba won 4–0 on aggregate.
| CFFA | 2–3 | Royal Leopards |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
|
Referee: José Chitumba (Angola)
| Royal Leopards | 2–1 | CFFA |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: Abongile Tom (South Africa)
Royal Leopards won 5–3 on aggregate.
| Matlama | 0–3 | Coton Sport |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein (South Africa)[note 7]
Referee: Andofetra Rakotojaona (Madagascar)
Coton Sport won 4–0 on aggregate.
| Rail Club du Kadiogo | 0–1 | Asante Kotoko |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Stade de l'Amitié, Cotonou (Benin)[note 8]
Referee: Yelebodom Bodjona (Togo)
| Asante Kotoko | 0–1 | Rail Club du Kadiogo |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
|
|
| Penalties | ||
| 1–3 | ||
Referee: Patrick Tanguy Vlei (Ivory Coast)
1–1 on aggregate. Rail Club du Kadiogo won 3–1 on penalties.
| Gaborone United | 1–0 | AS Vita Club |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Referee: Lebalang Mokete (Lesotho)
AS Vita Club won 3–2 on aggregate.
Second round
The second round, also called the second preliminary round, included 32 teams: the 6 teams that received byes to this round, and the 26 winners of the first round.
| Team 1 | Agg. | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rivers United
|
2–7 | Wydad AC
|
2–1 | 0–6 |
| Plateau United
|
2–2 (a) | Espérance de Tunis
|
2–1 | 0–1 |
| ASN Nigelec
|
0–3 | Raja CA
|
0–2 | 0–1 |
| Union Monastirienne
|
0–4 | Al Ahly
|
0–1 | 0–3 |
| Vipers
|
0–0 (4–2 p) | TP Mazembe
|
0–0 | 0–0 |
| La Passe
|
1–15 | Mamelodi Sundowns
|
0–7 | 1–8 |
| ASEC Mimosas
|
1–2 | Horoya
|
0–1 | 1–1 |
| ASKO Kara
|
2–3 | JS Kabylie
|
1–2 | 1–1 |
| Djoliba
|
2–3 | CR Belouizdad
|
2–1 | 0–2 |
| Young Africans
|
1–2 | Al Hilal
|
1–1 | 0–1 |
| Al Merrikh
|
3–3 (a) | Al Ahli Tripoli
|
2–0 | 1–3 |
| Flambeau du Centre
|
1–6 | Zamalek
|
0–1 | 1–5 |
| Cape Town City
|
0–4 | Petro de Luanda
|
0–3 | 0–1 |
| 1º de Agosto
|
1–4 | Simba
|
1–3 | 0–1 |
| Royal Leopards
|
2–3 | Coton Sport
|
1–1 | 1–2 |
| Rail Club du Kadiogo
|
0–0 (3–4 p) | AS Vita Club
|
0–0 | 0–0 |
| Rivers United | 2–1 | Wydad AC |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Referee: Kalilou Traore (Ivory Coast)
Wydad AC won 7–2 on aggregate.
| Plateau United | 2–1 | Espérance de Tunis |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
|
| Espérance de Tunis | 1–0 | Plateau United |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Referee: Ibrahim Nour El Din (Egypt)
2–2 on aggregate. Espérance de Tunis won on away goals.
| ASN Nigelec | 0–2 | Raja CA |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: Gnama Aklesso (Togo)
Raja CA won 3–0 on aggregate.
| Union Monastirienne | 0–1 | Al Ahly |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Referee: Lahlou Benbraham (Algeria)
| Al Ahly | 3–0 | Union Monastirienne |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Referee: Janny Sikazwe (Zambia)
Al Ahly won 4–0 on aggregate.
| Vipers | 0–0 | TP Mazembe |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: Sabri Mohamed Fadul (Sudan)
| TP Mazembe | 0–0 | Vipers |
|---|---|---|
| Report | ||
| Penalties | ||
| 2–4 | ||
Referee: Victor Gomes (South Africa)
0–0 on aggregate. Vipers won 4–2 on penalties.
| La Passe | 0–7 | Mamelodi Sundowns |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Loftus Versfeld Stadium, Pretoria (South Africa)[note 2]
Referee: Hélder Martins (Angola)
| Mamelodi Sundowns | 8–1 | La Passe |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Referee: Mahmoud El Banna (Egypt)
Mamelodi Sundowns won 15–1 on aggregate
| ASEC Mimosas | 0–1 | Horoya |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Referee: Lotfi Bekouassa (Algeria)
| Horoya | 1–1 | ASEC Mimosas |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
|
Referee: Bakary Gassama (Gambia)
Horoya won 2–1 on aggregate.
| ASKO Kara | 1–2 | JS Kabylie |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Referee: Joseph Ogabor (Nigeria)
JS Kabylie won 3–2 on aggregate.
| Djoliba | 2–1 | CR Belouizdad |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
|
Referee: Maguette N'Diaye (Senegal)
CR Belouizdad won 3–2 on aggregate.
| Young Africans | 1–1 | Al Hilal |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
|
Referee: Samuel Uwikunda (Rwanda)
| Al Hilal | 1–0 | Young Africans |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Referee: Bamlak Tessema Weyesa (Ethiopia)
Al Hilal won 2–1 on aggregate.
| Al Merrikh | 2–0 | Al Ahli Tripoli |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: Pacifique Ndabihawenimana (Burundi)
3–3 on aggregate. Al Merrikh won on away goals.
| Flambeau du Centre | 0–1 | Zamalek |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
|
Borg El Arab Stadium, Alexandria (Egypt)
Referee: Hassan Hagi (Somalia)
Zamalek won 6–1 on aggregate.
| Cape Town City | 0–3 | Petro de Luanda |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: Bernard Camille (Seychelles)
Petro de Luanda won 4–0 on aggregate.
| 1º de Agosto | 1–3 | Simba |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Referee: Joshua Bondo (Botswana)
| Simba | 1–0 | 1º de Agosto |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
Referee: Abongile Tom (South Africa)
Simba won 4–1 on aggregate.
| Royal Leopards | 1–1 | Coton Sport |
|---|---|---|
|
Report |
|
Referee: Janny Sikazwe (Zambia)
Coton Sport won 3–2 on aggregate.
| Rail Club du Kadiogo | 0–0 | AS Vita Club |
|---|---|---|
| Report |
Stade de l'Amitié, Cotonou (Benin)[note 8]
Referee: Issa Mouhamed (Benin)
0–0 on aggregate. AS Vita Club won 4–3 on penalties.
Notes
- ^ Teams from the Central African Republic played their home matches outside the country, since none of the stadiums met the quality standards set according to the CAF regulations.[6]
- ^ a b Teams from Seychelles played their home matches outside the country, since none of the stadiums met the quality standards set according to the CAF regulations.[7]
- ^ The second leg of the Deportivo Mongomo v Djoliba tie, originally scheduled to be played on 18 September was postponed to 19 September, since Deportivo Mongomo was not able to arrive on time due to the airport restrictions at Modibo Keita International Airport.[8]
- ^ Teams from Sierra Leone played their home matches in Liberia, since their only stadium which satisfies the criteria of hosting international matches - the Siaka Steven Stadium in Freetown is undergoing long term renovations.[9][10]
- ^ Teams from South Sudan played their home matches in Tanzania, since none of the stadiums met the quality standards set according to the CAF regulations.[11][12]
- ^ a b The first and second leg of the Elect Sport v Zamalek tie, originally scheduled to be played between 9–11 September and 16–18 September, was postponed to 18 September and 25 September 2022 respectively due to Zamalek's participation in Saudi-Egyptian Super Cup.
- ^ Teams from Lesotho played their home matches in South Africa, since the Setsoto Stadium did not meet the quality standards set according to the CAF regulations.[13]
- ^ a b Teams from Burkina Faso played their home matches outside the country, since none of the stadiums met the quality standards set according to the CAF regulations.[14]
- ^ a b The first and second leg of the Rail Club du Kadiogo v AS Vita Club tie, originally scheduled to be played between 8–9 October and 14–16 October, was postponed to 16 October and 20 October 2022 respectively due to the September 2022 Burkina Faso coup d'état.[15]
References
- ^ "The new CAF interclub season is on!". CAF. 9 August 2022. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
- ^ "2022-23 TotalEnergies CAF Champions League First Preliminary Round - First Leg Fixtures". CAF. 6 September 2022. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
- ^ ""CL Fixtures - 1st & 2nd Round"" (PDF). CAF. 9 August 2022. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
- ^ a b "Volcan Club de Moroni disqualified from TotalEnergies Champions League". cafonline.com. 26 September 2022.
- ^ "Le Horoya AC passe au tour suivant après le retrait du Hawks FC". mosaiqueguinee.com (in French). 29 August 2022.
- ^ "Vipers trash Real De Bangui FC of CAR 3 - 0 in the CAF Champions League". New Vision. 11 September 2022.
- ^ "Sundowns to host both legs of Champions League tie". Super Sport. 4 October 2022.
- ^ "Djoliba AC – DC Mongomo match postponed". lookcharms.com. 18 September 2022.
- ^ "Sierra Leone close stadium for $40m rehabilitation". Football Sierra Leone. 1 March 2022.
- ^ Sang, Kiplagat (26 August 2022). "Liberia President Weah lauded for allowing Sierra Leone free stadium use". Goal.com.
- ^ "Impressive CAF Champions League victories for Tanzanian clubs". News 9 Live. 11 September 2022.
- ^ Chol, ElSheikh (29 August 2022). "AL Hilal, Zalan FC risk missing CAF as Tanzania demands $17,000 for stadium rent". Eye Radio.
- ^ Setena, Teboho (9 September 2022). "Lesotho club plays CAF fixture in Bloem". News 24.
- ^ "RC Kadiogo vs Asante Kotoko moved to Benin". Modern Ghana. 8 September 2022.
- ^ "RC Kadiogo-Vita Club match postponed to October 16". radiookapi.net. 5 October 2022. Retrieved 12 October 2022.
External links
- Total CAF Champions League, CAFonline.com
You must be logged in to post a comment.