This article lists events from the year 2016 in the Czech Republic.

• President – Miloš Zeman
• Prime Minister – Bohuslav Sobotka

• 14 April – The Czech Republic's political leadership agreed to make Czechia the official short name in English.
• 2 May – Czechia was approved by the Czech cabinet.
• 5 July – Czechia was published in the United Nations UNTERM and UNGEGN country name databases.
• 10 October – Czech botanists announce the discovery of a new species of Thismia in Borneo.^[1]

• 28 June – 3 July – The 2016 UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships were hosted in the town of Nové Město na Moravě.
• 1 July – Anthropoid, historical thriller film directed by Sean Ellis, premieres at the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival.

• 22 January – Miloslav Ransdorf, politician (born 1953)
• 13 February – Bořek Šípek, architect (born 1949)
• 25 February –
  • Zdeněk Smetana, animator (born 1925)
  • Miloš Hájek, historian and politician (born 1921)
• 18 March – Jan Němec, filmmaker (born 1936)
• 2 April – Boris Hybner, actor (born 1941)
• 13 April – Věra Kubánková, actress (born 1924)
• 12 May – Bohumil Kubát, wrestler, Olympic bronze medallist (born 1935)
• 13 May – Jan Korger, politician (born 1937)
• 14 May – Jaroslav Malina, scenographer (born 1937)
• 22 May – Adolf Born, painter (born 1930)
• 23 May – Zdeněk Mézl, printmaker (born 1934)
• 27 May – František Jakubec, football player (born 1956)
• 16 June – Luděk Macela, football player (born 1950)
• 5 July – Zdeněk Neubauer, philosopher and biologist (born 1942)
• 12 July – Antonín Rükl, astronomer (born 1932)
• 24 July – Bohuslav Kokotek, Lutheran clergyman (born 1949)
• 26 August – Jiří Tichý, football player (born 1933)
• 30 August – Věra Čáslavská, gymnast, seven-time Olympic gold medallist (born 1942)
• 5 September – Jaroslav Jareš, football player (born 1930)
• 9 September – Zdeněk Měřínský, archaeologist (born 1948)
• 26 September – Karel Růžička, pianist (born 1940)
• 8 November – Zdeněk Altner, lawyer (born 1947)
• 4 December – Radim Hladík, guitarist (born 1946)
• 23 December – Luba Skořepová, actress (born 1923)
• 26 December – Petr Hájek, scientist (born 1940)