Zero Poverty Uttar Pradesh Campaign,^[a][4] also known as the Zero Poverty program,^[b] is an initiative by the Government of Uttar Pradesh that was rolled out on 2 October 2024.^[5] It was announced by Yogi Adityanath, the chief minister of Uttar Pradesh on the occasion of Gandhi Jayanti.^[6]

The aim behind the program is to identify the extremely poor families in the state and proactively channelise Direct Benefit Transfer of various departments.^[7] Under this campaign, the state has identified the poorest 10 to 25 families from each gram panchayat.^[8] These welfares included both in-kind and cash transfers like Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana, Mukhyamantri Awas Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi, Shramik card, a golden card under Ayushman Bharat Yojana and other pension-related schemes.^[9]

The government has announced the campaign to take place in phases^[10] and has set 2 October 2025 as the target,^[11] aiming to bring the annual income of the families to a minimum of ₹1.25 lakh (US$1,400), both from Direct Benefit Transfers and custom livelihood support for the identified poor households.^[12]

Uttar Pradesh has one of the highest poverty rates in India, ranked 25th out of 28 states in 2023 in terms of multidimensional poverty by the NITI Aayog.^[13] From 2018 to 2023, 13.5 crore Indians moved out of multidimensional poverty in India,^[14] of which Uttar Pradesh alone had 3.44 crore people, the highest in the country.^[15] It has witnessed one of the steepest declines in poverty alongside states like Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha and Rajasthan.^[16] Yogi Adityanath, the current chief minister of Uttar Pradesh, has stated that with the current rate of investment, by 2029, the nominal GDP of the state shall reach $1 trillion.^[17]

The disparity between the western region of Uttar Pradesh compared to the rest of the state has been significant.^[18] Among the ten richest districts of the state by GDP per capita, seven are from west Uttar Pradesh - Gautam Buddha Nagar, Meerut, Etah, Agra, Amroha, Ghaziabad and Hapur. On the other hand, all of the bottom ten districts are from east Uttar Pradesh - Chandauli, Siddharthnagar, Deoria, Ballia, Pratapgarh, Jaunpur, Sant Kabir Nagar, Bahraich and Balrampur.^[19] In December 2023, the Gautam Buddha Nagar district contributed to 8.91% of the state's GDP, whereas the bottom 65 districts combined contributed to less than 4%.^[20]

On 2 October 2024, on the day of Gandhi Jayanti, Adityanath launched the Zero Poverty Program,^[21] with the aim to eradicate poverty in the state within one year.^[22] The initiative aimed to survey the rural poor households on four basic criteria:^[23]

1. Families that are homeless or live in kutcha houses
2. Landless families who have no other option of livelihood except agriculture;
3. Families dependent on daily wages, agricultural labour and have uncertain and irregular income;
4. Families which lack financial resources; there is always a shortage of food and clothing in the family.

The government announced that it shall partner with corporations and leverage the corporate social responsibility fund for the same.^[24] Overall, over 20 schemes run by the state government were to be provided to such families.^[25]

In February 2025, the ninth budget session under chief minister Yogi Adityanath and the sixth session under finance minister Suresh Kumar Khanna took place. This was the first time Zero Poverty Program was discussed during a budget session.^[26] In this, the Uttar Pradesh government announced the allocation of ₹250 crore (US$29 million) towards the scheme, to ensure adequate availability of food and clothing, education, medicine, housing facilities and sustainable income to poor families.^[27][28] The government had aimed to bring the annual income of such families to at least ₹1.25 lakh (US$1,400).^[12]

On 4 October 2024, the chief secretary of Uttar Pradesh, Manoj Kumar Singh, held a video conference with all the divisional commissioners and district magistrates of the state, urging them to identify the 25 poorest families from each gram panchayat.^[29]

Between 19 December 2024 to 15 January 2025, the survey for 650 out of the targetted 1,037 villages had been completed, in which an average of 25 families per village were made part of the welfare schemes.^[30] In the Aligarh district, the government could identify 20,500 such families in the 12 blocks it had divided the district into for the program. Out of these, the forms for 18,526 were filled by 17 January 2025.^[31] Similarly, over 15,000 families were also identified in the Varanasi district.^[32]

On 18 February 2025, in the Kushinagar district, a total of 23,963 families across 980 gram panchayats were identified, against the target of 24,500 families as stated by the district panchayati raj officer Alok Kumar Priyadarshi, bringing the progress of the identification progress to 97.81%.^[33]

On 7 February 2025, chief secretary Manoj Kumar Singh mentioned that the data for approximately 13.57 lakh families^[34] had been collected, whereas 13.22 lakh of them had been verified. Of these, 11.1 lakh families were homeless and declared to be a top priority for the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana.^[35]

The website, zero-poverty.in, was launched as a compilation of subdomains of welfare departments on-boarded under the campaign.^[36] In the first phase of the campaign, the chief secretary of Uttar Pradesh, Manoj Kumar Singh, guided the block development officers to register the verified profile of the enumerators (village panchayat level employees and cadres) on the website in a time-bound manner.^[29]

Banking Correspondent (BC) Sakhi (Women Banking Agents) is a community cadre for providing banking and financial services at doorstep at rural areas in Uttar Pradesh.^[37][38] A dedicated mobile app was designed to promote the BC Sakhi Yojana, which was made to assist with the banking requirements in the rural parts of the state.^[39] It is one of the primary apps being used to conduct the survey for the program, alongside the panchayats and self-help groups.^[40]

The program provided an amount of ₹4,000 (US$46) per month for six months to help the BC Sakhi users stabilise their banking service business.^[41] As their business proceeded, the users were paid a commission based on the amount of transactions they made, which was generally 0.20%-0.32% of the amount transacted.^[42]

Rishta is a mobile app launched by the Government of Uttar Pradesh on the day the initiative was launched by Livelihood Mission under the rural development department. The app provides a platform to monitor all processes with details related to financial transactions.^[43] The app shall also display detailed information on the poorest families identified by the mission's digital platform, allowing for an easy Direct Benefit Transfer.^[7]

The poorest families were to be selected on the digital platform in a way that their profile can be easily verified. The concerned department officers and employees were to be in regular contact with them. The poorest families will be selected on the basis of four standards.^[8]

MoP-UP is a mobile app to collect data on the targetted poor families using a digital medium. The app was to be used by the members of the gram panchayats responsible for gathering information on such families to report to the state government. The registered users were able to use the video call feature provided by the chief minister's helpline and receive alerts, pop-up notifications and updates from the app.^[44] To ensure transparency, all the records were accessible on MoP-UP and the website.^[45]

On 6 February 2025 in the village of Silauli in Gosainganj, Ram Sagar was given a job at Ashok Leyland, a subsidiary of the Hinduja Group, as a truck maker.^[46] He had previously been living under poverty. Chief secretary Manoj Kumar Singh personally invited Ram Sagar and his wife Ruby^[47][48] to hand him his offer letter.^[49] Ram Sagar was the first beneficiary of the scheme, at a time when around 13,57,000 more families had also been registered.^[50]

In Sarojaninagar, the state government allocated the defunct land previously used by Scooters India Limited to the Hinduja Group to set up a factory for electric buses. The project head, Shakti Singh, signed a memorandum of understanding with the state government to create 12,000 jobs for the individuals whose families have been registered under the Zero Poverty Program. Ram Sagar was the first of the beneficiaries to work in the manufacturing plant.^[51] Ram Sagar, who could not read, was enrolled in an equivalency certification course to qualify for the position. He was also to undergo an apprenticeship under the state government with a stipend of ₹1,500 (US$17) per month.^[52] Hinduja Family Advisor S.K. Chaddha stated that Sagar's training shall last one year before he can go to the manufacturing plant. Until then, he was to work on-site.^[34]

On 27 February 2025, minister Satish Chandra Sharma visited Belkhara gram panchayat in Dariyabad Assembly constituency to review the progress of the surveys. With the help of the progress done, he was able to include all the eligible people in the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana scheme.^[53]

While the Zero Poverty Program aimed to eradicate poverty from Uttar Pradesh within one year, 32,325 families from the Hardoi district identified were yet to be given any benefit five months after the conclusion of the survey. The district development officer of Hardoi stated that the second phase of the program was yet to be approved.^[10] The web portal for the District Panchayat Raj Department was yet to be opened even after the conclusion of the survey. On 10 February 2025, around 25,925 families in the Unnao district were yet to receive an update, although the survey had been conducted on 19 December 2024 and was 99% completed.^[54]

Until January 2025, in the Hathras district, the survey was not conducted by 89 enumerators due to technical issues. When the Panchayat Raj Department conducted its review, the phone numbers of many panchayat assistants were found to be wrongly recorded. Many panchayat assistants had even left their posts, and the remaining employees were not taking interest in the survey.^[55]

• Fome Zero, a similar initiative taken by the Federal government of Brazil in 2003
• Targeted Poverty Alleviation, an anti-poverty campaign in China