Thomas Rothmaler Mitchell (May 1783 – November 2, 1837) was an early-19th-century American lawyer and politician who served as a U.S. Representative from South Carolina.

Born in Georgetown, South Carolina, in May 1783, Mitchell graduated from Harvard University in 1802, where he studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1808, and commenced practice in Georgetown, South Carolina.

He served as member of the state house of representatives in 1809 and from 1814 to 1819.

Mitchell was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821 – March 3, 1823). He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1822 to the Eighteenth Congress. He was then elected as a Jacksonian to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses (March 4, 1825 – March 3, 1829). He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1828 to the Twenty-first Congress.

He was reelected as a Jacksonian to the Twenty-second Congress (March 4, 1831– March 3, 1833). He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1832 to the Twenty-third Congress.

He died in Georgetown, South Carolina, November 2, 1837.

• United States Congress. "Thomas R. Mitchell (id: M000829)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.