Rostam or Rustam or Rostom (Persian: رستم) is a name referring to the Persian mythical hero Rostam who was immortalized by the poet Ferdowsi in the Shahnameh (Book of Kings). It has been commonly used as a male Persian given name, and may refer to the following people:

• Rostam Farrokhzād (died 636), An ancient Persian nobleman and army chief
• Rostom of Abkhazia, ruler of the Principality of Abkhazia
• Rustam Asildarov (born 1981), leader of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant – Caucasus Province
• Rostam Aziz (born 1960), Tanzanian politician and businessman
• Rostom Bagdasarian (1919–1972), American artist and record producer
• Rostam Bastuni (1923–1994), first Israeli-Arab politician
• Rostam Batmanglij (born 1983), American music producer and multi-instrumentalist
• Rustam Effendi (1903–1979), Indonesian writer and member of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
• Rustam Emomali (born 1987), Tajik official, son of Emomali Rahmon
• Rostam Ghasemi (1964-2022), Iranian military officer and politician
• Rostam Gorgani (fl. 1550), Persian physician who lived in India
• Rustam Ibragimbekov (1939–2022), Azeri screenwriter and film director
• Rostom of Imereti (1571–1605), Georgian king
• Rostom of Kartli (1565–1658), Iranian–Georgian king and military commander
• Prince Rostom of Kartli (died 1722), Iranian–Georgian prince and military commander
• Rustam Kasimdzhanov (born 1979), Uzbek chess master
• Rostom, nom de guerre of Stepan Zorian (1867–1919), Armenian revolutionary
• Rustam Khan Khoyski (1888–1948), Azerbaijani statesman
• Rustam Khudzhamov (born 1982), Ukrainian footballer
• Rustam Khudiyev (born 1985), Kazakh swimmer
• Rostom Madatyan (1782–1829), Armenian-Russian general
• Rustam Minnikhanov (born 1957), Russian politician, current President of Tatarstan
• Rostam Mirlashari (born 1960), Iranian musician
• Rustam Mirza (1381–1424/25), a grandson of Timur
• Rustam Rahimov (born 1979), German-Tajik boxer
• Roustam Raza (c. 1780–1845), famous bodyguard of Napoleon Bonaparte
• Rostam Khan (sepahsalar under Safi) (1588–1643), Iranian-Georgian military commander and official
• Rostam Khan (sepahsalar under Suleiman I) (fl. second half of the 17th century), Iranian-Georgian military commander and official
• Rostam K. Saeed (born 1964), Kurdish mathematician and professor from Iraq
• Rustam Saidov (born 1978), Uzbek boxer
• Rustam Sharipov (born 1971), Ukrainian gymnast
• Rustam Sutan Palindih (1898–1971), Indonesian film director and writer
• Roustam Tariko (born 1962), Russian entrepreneur
• Rustam Temirgaliev (born 1976), Crimean politician
• Röstäm Yaxin (1921–1993), Russian composer and pianist
• Rustam (Haqqani network), Afghan alleged Taliban militant
• Rustam Shah Mohmand (1942-2024), Pakistani political scientist and served as ambassador to Afghanistan
• Rustam Ali Faraizi (born 1952), Bangladeshi politician
• Rustam Ali Mollah (1920–2023), Bangladeshi politician and freedom fighter
• Muhammad Rustam Ali (born 1960), Bangladeshi chemist and academic

• Rüstem, Turkish form of the name
• Rustem, Another spelling
• Rostami, Disambiguation page
• DRDO Rustom