Robert Melançon (born 12 May 1947) is a Canadian writer and translator. He has been a professor of literature at the Université de Montréal since 1972.

Melançon was born in Montreal, Quebec.

• 1979 – Governor General's Award for French-language poetry or drama, Peinture aveugle
• 1990 – Governor General's Award for English to French translation, Second Rouleau (with Charlotte Melançon)
• 2003 – Prix Victor-Barbeau, Exercices de désoeuvrement
• 2005 – Prix Alain-Grandbois, Le Paradis des apparences

• 1972 – The Poetic Image in France, Philippe Desportes Hopil Claude, 1570–1630^{[citation needed]}

• Robert Melancon entry in the Dictionary of Literary Biography