Phineas (/ˈfɪniəs/) is a masculine given name, an Anglicized name for the priest Phinehas in the Hebrew Bible. It may refer to:

• King Phineas, the first king of the Beta Israel in Ethiopia
• Phineas Banning (1830–1885), American businessman and entrepreneur
• P. T. Barnum (1810–1891), American showman and businessman
• Phineas Bowles (died 1722), British Army major-general
• Phineas Bowles (1690–1749), British Army lieutenant-general and Member of Parliament; son of the above
• Phineas F. Bresee (1838–1915), American founder of the Church of the Nazarene
• Phineas Bruce (1762–1809), American politician
• Phineas Clanton (1843–1906), American Old West cattle rustler and brother of outlaws Billy and Ike Clanton
• Phineas Davis (1792–1835), American clockmaker and inventor who designed and built the first practical American coal-burning locomotive
• Phineas Fisher, an unidentified hacktivist
• Phineas Fletcher (1582–1650), Scottish-English poet
• Phineas Gage (1823–1860), American railroad construction foreman whose personality was changed by a brain injury
• Phineas Hitchcock (1831–1881), American politician
• Phineas Hodson (died 1646), Anglican clergyman and Chancellor of York from 1611 to 1646
• Phineas Jones (1819–1884), American politician
• Phineas Jenks (1781–1851), American doctor and politician
• Phineas C. Lounsbury (1841–1925), American politician and 53rd Governor of Connecticut
• Phineas W. Leland (1798–1870), American physician, journalist and politician
• Phineas Lovett (1745–1828), farmer, merchant, judge and political figure in Nova Scotia (now part of Canada)
• Phineas Lyman (1716–1774), colonial American soldier
• Phineas Newborn, Jr. (1931–1989), American jazz pianist
• Phineas Paist (1873–1937), American architect
• Phineas Pett (1570–1647), English shipwright
• Phineas Parkhurst Quimby (1802–1866), American religious teacher, philosopher, magnetizer, mesmerist, healer, inventor and writer
• Phineas Riall (1775–1850), British general and Governor of Grenada
• Phineas Ryrie (1829–1892), Scottish tea merchant in Hong Kong
• Phineas J. Stone (1810–1891), American politician
• Phineas L. Tracy (1786–1876), American politician
• Phineas White (1770–1847), American lawyer and politician
• Phineas Young (1799–1879), Mormon pioneer and missionary, older brother of Brigham Young

• Phineas Flynn, in Phineas and Ferb, an American animated television series
• Phineas Nigellus Black, from the Harry Potter series of novels
• Phineas Bogg, a main character in Voyagers!, an American television series
• Phineas T. Bluster, in The Howdy Doody Show, an American children's television show
• Phineas Finn, in Anthony Trollope's novels Phineas Finn and Phineas Redux
• Phineas T. Freak, in The Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers, an underground comic
• Phineas Horton, a Marvel Comics character
• Phineas Mason, the Tinkerer, a Marvel Comics character
• Phineas Sharp, a villain in Darkwing Duck, an American animated television series
• Phineas Welles, a mad scientist in The Outer Worlds, an action role-playing game
• Phineas J. Whoopee, a know-it-all in Tennessee Tuxedo and His Tales, an American animated television series
• Phineas, in Allies in Power Rangers: Mystic Force
• Phineas or Fyneas, in the 1959 novel A Separate Peace
• Dr. Phineas Mogg, in My Life as a Teenage Robot, a 2003 animated series

• Finneas, American singer-songwriter, record producer, and actor
• Phineas Priesthood, Christian identity movement

• Phinehas (disambiguation)
• Phineus (disambiguation)
• Philip