Okamoto (written: 岡本 literally "hill base") is the 48th most common Japanese surname.^{[1] [2]} Notable people with the surname include:

• Anri Okamoto (岡本 杏理, born 1994), Japanese fashion model and actress
• Atsushi Okamoto (岡本 篤志, born 1981), professional Nippon Professional Baseball player
• Aya Okamoto (岡本 綾, born 1982), Japanese actress and voice actress
• Ayako Okamoto (岡本 綾子, born 1951), Japanese professional golfer
• Chizuko Okamoto (岡本 千鶴子, born 1951), Japanese woman who was convicted of killing her own daughter
• Fuji Okamoto (岡本 不二, 1905–1984), Japanese boxer
• Hama Okamoto (ハマ・オカモト, born 1991), Japanese musician
• Haruko Okamoto (née Ishida, born 1945), Japanese figure skater
• Hayato Okamoto (disambiguation), multiple people
• Hideo Okamoto (岡本 秀雄, born 1948), Japanese rower
• Hideya Okamoto (岡本 英也, born 1987), Japanese football player
• Hisashi Okamoto (岡本 久, born 1956), Japanese mathematician
• Hitoshi Okamoto (岡本 仁志)), guitarist of the Japanese pop band Garnet Crow
• Okamoto Kanoko (岡本 かの子, 1889–1939), pen-name of a Japanese author, tanka poet, and Buddhism scholar
• Keito Okamoto (岡本 圭人, born 1993), Japanese singer and member of the group Hey! Say! JUMP
• Kido Okamoto (岡本 綺堂, 1872–1939), Japanese author
• Kihachi Okamoto (岡本 喜八, 1924–2005), Japanese film director
• Kiichi Okamoto (岡本 帰一, 1888–1930), Japanese painter and illustrator
• Kōzō Okamoto (岡本 公三, born 1947), member of the Japanese armed militant group, Japanese Red Army (JRA)
• Kumiko Okamoto (岡本 久美子, born 1965), retired female tennis player from Japan
• Lynn Okamoto (岡本 倫, born 1970), Japanese manga artist
• Mari Okamoto (岡本 茉利, born 1954), Japanese actress and voice actress
• Mariko Okamoto (岡本 眞理子, born 1951), Japanese volleyball player
• Masahiro Okamoto (岡本 昌弘, born 1983), Japanese football player
• Maya Okamoto (岡本 麻弥, born 1967), Japanese actress, voice actress and singer
• Mayo Okamoto (岡本 真夜, born 1974), Japanese singer-songwriter
• Mike Okamoto (born Detroit, United States), American comic book artist and commercial illustrator
• Misugu Okamoto (岡本 碧優, born 2006), Japanese skateboarder
• Mitsunari Okamoto (岡本 三成, born 1965), Japanese politician of Komeito
• Mitsunori Okamoto (岡本 充功, born 1971), Japanese politician of the Democratic Party of Japan
• Natsuki Okamoto (television personality) (岡本 夏生, born 1965), Japanese tarento, race queen and gravure idol
• Natsuki Okamoto (岡本 奈月, born 1989), Japanese fashion model and actress
• Natsumi Okamoto (岡本 夏美, born 1998), Japanese actress and fashion model
• Noboru Okamoto (岡本 登, born 1937), Japanese hammer thrower
• Nobuhiko Okamoto (岡本 信彦, born 1986), Japanese voice actor
• Rai Okamoto (1927–1993), American architect, planner, and author
• Rei Okamoto (岡本 玲, born 1991), Japanese model and actress
• Rina Okamoto (岡本 璃奈, born 1994), Japanese kickboxer
• Shosei Okamoto (岡本 將成, born 2000), Japanese footballer
• Tadashi Okamoto (岡本 正, born 1947), Japanese boxer
• Takeyuki Okamoto (岡本 武行, born 1967), Japanese footballer and manager
• Tao Okamoto (岡本 多緒, born 1985), Japanese model and actress
• Tarō Okamoto (岡本 太郎, 1911–1996), Japanese artist noted for abstract and avant-garde paintings and sculpture
• Tetsuo Okamoto (1932–2007), Brazilian swimmer
• Tomotaka Okamoto (disambiguation), multiple people
• Vincent Okamoto (1943–2020), American Army officer and judge
• Yasuaki Okamoto (岡本 賢明, born 1988), Japanese football player
• Okamoto Yasutaka (岡本 保孝, 1797–1878), Japanese kokugaku scholar
• Yoichi Okamoto (1915–1985), American photographer
• Yoriko Okamoto (岡本 依子, born 1971), first Japanese athlete to become an Olympic taekwondo medalist
• Yoshiki Okamoto (岡本 吉起, born 1961), video game designer credited with producing many of Capcom's popular titles
• Yoshiro Okamoto (岡本 芳郎, born 1943), Japanese politician of the Liberal Democratic Party
• Yuki Okamoto (岡本 勇輝, born 1983), Japanese footballer
• Yukiko Okamoto (disambiguation), multiple people

• 6244 Okamoto, a main-belt asteroid
• Okamoto Station (Hyōgo), railway station of the Hankyu Kobe Line in Higashinada-ku, Kobe
• Okamoto–Uchiyama cryptosystem, discovered in 1998 by T. Okamoto and S. Uchiyama
• Okamoto's, a rock band whose members each adopted stage names with the surname Okamoto
• Taro Okamoto Award, award for Contemporary Art (TARO Award)