MSU may refer to:

• Microwave sounding unit, in atmospheric science
• Mid-stream urine, used in medicine to test for urinary tract infection
• Million service units, particularly in IBM mainframe computers
• Mobile stroke unit, a specialised ambulance for patients suspected of having had a stroke
• MSU Lossless Video Codec, Moscow State University Lossless Video Codec
• Monosodium Urate (Cf. Gout)

• Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda
• Manonmaniam Sundaranar University

• Maritime State University
• Moscow State University

• McNeese State University, in Lake Charles, Louisiana
• Memphis State University, former name of the University of Memphis
• Metropolitan State University, in Minneapolis and Saint Paul, Minnesota
• Metropolitan State University of Denver, in Colorado
• Michigan State University, in East Lansing, Michigan
• Midwestern State University, in Wichita Falls, Texas
• Minnesota State University, Mankato
• Minnesota State University Moorhead
• Minot State University, in Minot, North Dakota
• Mississippi State University
• Missouri State University
• University of Missouri (antiquated)
• Montana State University System
• Montclair State University, in Montclair, New Jersey
• Morehead State University, in Morehead, Kentucky
• Morgan State University, in Baltimore, Maryland
• Mountain State University, in Beckley, West Virginia
• Murray State University, in Murray, Kentucky

• Management and Science University, Malaysia
• Moldova State University, Moldova
• Mahendra Sanskrit University, Nepal
• Mindanao State University, Philippines
• Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University, Saudi Arabia
• Mahasarakham University, Thailand
• Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, Turkey
• Midlands State University, Zimbabwe

• IATA code for Moshoeshoe I International Airport in Maseru, Lesotho
• ISO 639 code for the Musom language
• Studite Brethren (Monaci Studiti Ucraini), a religious society of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
• McMaster Students Union, in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
• Muslim Student Union, a variation of Muslim Students' Association
• Museum of Contemporary Art, Zagreb (Croatian: Muzej suvremene umjetnosti)
• Multinational Specialized Unit, a unit of the Italian Carabinieri
• Miyazaki Sportsmen United, the former name of Tegevajaro Miyazaki, a Japanese football club
• MSU Argentina, company based in Argentina, founded by Manuel Santos de Uribelarrea.