• Series of Viking attacks on Christian monasteries in the British Isles

• Denmark is expelled and Vestfold gains independence.

• Viking plunder of Paris

• Vikings occupied Nekor for 8 days.

• Wessex
• Northumbria
• Mercia
• East Anglia

Kingdom of Strathclyde
Kingdom of Alba

• Treaty of Wedmore
• Establishment of Danelaw

• A fleet of 200 ships transported prisoners to Dublin.

• Viking Defeat

• 9000 Vikings slain
• Vikings starts Raiding Lotharingia

• Paris successfully defended
• Vikings granted passage of the Seine and 700 livres (pounds) of silver
• Vikings raids continued into Burgundy

• Death of Sigfried and Godfried

• Wessex
• Mercia
• Kent

• Victory for Edward the Elder

• Wessex
• Kent

• Æthelwold killed
• Æthelwold's Revolt ended

• West Frankish military victory
• Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte
• Rollo is granted lands in northern France in exchange for vassalage, religious conversion and pledge to defend the Seine's estuary from Viking raiders

• Death of Hake Gandalfsson.

• Gryting subjects to Harald Fairhair.

• Death of the kings of Nordmøre and Romsdal.

• Rognvald Eysteinsson becomes the Jarl of Møre.

• Guttorm Haraldsson becomes King of Rånrike.

• Death of Håkon Grjotgardsson and Atle Mjove.

• Norway unified under King Harald I.

• Death of Haakon the Good
• Harald Greycloak becomes king

• Magnus the Good takes back the Norwegian throne in 1035

• Hedeby under German occupation from 974 to 981

• Danish fleet defeated

• First English payment of Danegeld

• Ladoga destroyed

• Death of Olaf Tryggvason

• Viking victory and withdrawal.

• Olaf Haraldson got almost killed and lost many men^[4]

• The Osilians are defeated

• Ango-Norwegian victory

• Native attack repelled; Viking withdrawal.

• Olav II reconquers any land lost to Sweden excluding Jämtland, Härjedalen and Hälsingland, in which Jämtland and Härjedalen wouldn't be recorded as under Norwegian overlordship until 1111.

• Battle of Nesjar
• Raid on Denmark

• The territorial changes following the Battle of Svolder are reversed, barring Jämtland, which would remain under Swedish overlordship until the 12th century.

• Personal union formed between Denmark and England in 1018.
• Following Edmund's death on 30 November, Cnut ascends to the throne as the sole king of England.

• Cnut the Great dominates Scandinavia

• Death of Erling Skjalgsson

• Norway conquered by King Cnut
• King Olaf II was driven into exile to Kievan Rus

• Death of Olaf II

• Death of Tryggvi the Pretender

• 
  Danish Rebels

• Destruction the Viking fort Jomsborg, possibly to destroy the Danish competitors to the throne. Plundering of the Wendish town of Jumne.

• Wends

• Denmark reconquered
• Rebellion crushed
• Magnus the Good is kept king over both Norway and Denmark
• Sweyn Estridsson flees to Sweden

• Peace agreement, mutual recognition and withdrawal

• Hadrada defeats Haakon Ivarsson Jarl
• Norwegian authority strengthened in the Uplands

• Small farms and villages burned down by Hadrada. Uplands becomes more integrated into Norway

• Battle of Fulford
• Battle of Stamford Bridge

• Death of King Harald Hardrada

Irish Kingdoms^{[clarification needed]}

• Norwegian reconquest in the Irish Sea

• Through the marriage of Magnus Barefoot and Margaret Fredkulla, Inge's daughter, Norway gains the land of Dalsland. However, due to the marriage being childless, Dalsland never becomes integrated into Norway, and it's returned to Sweden after Magnus died in 1103

Irish Kingdoms^{[clarification needed]}

• Norway loses control of the Irish Sea region

• Lordship of Sidon created

• Håkon Håkonsson became king.

• Baglers

• Danes retreated back to Denmark

• Baglers

• Danish Leidang fleet forced to retreat.

• Termination of the Icelandic Commonwealth.
• Iceland is integrated into the Kingdom of Norway

• Treaty of Lödöse

• Sweden fails to capture Staraya Ladoga

• Norway renounces its claim on Halland
• Ingeborg marries Magnus VI of Norway

• Treaty of Perth
• Hebrides and Isle of Man bought from Norway for 4,000 marks to become part of Scotland
• Norwegian sovereignty recognised over Orkney and Shetland

• North Halland ceded to Kingdom of Norway

• Death of Duke Eric and Valdemar

• Lordship of Sidon created

• Santiago de Compostela successfully sacked

• Raid successful

• Siege successful
• Norway takes control of Lisbon
• Mass conversion of local Muslims

Norway takes control of Formentera

Norway takes control of Ibiza

• Lordship of Sidon created

• The pagans converted to Christianity

• Earldom of Orkney

• Crusaders are victorious.

• Norwegians plunder pagan land from 1185 to 1188

• Magnus the Blind

• Harald Gille

• Harald Gille flees to Denmark

• Magnus the Blind (POW)

• Harald Gille

• Magnus deposed as king and taken prisoner

• Magnus the Blind

• Inge Haraldsson
  • Tjostolv Ålesson

• Magnus the Blind †
• Sigurd Slembe 

• Inge Haraldsson
• Sigurd Haraldsson

• Magnus killed and Sigurd executed

• Haakon II

• Inge Haraldsson †

• Inge killed

• Magnus Erlingsson
  • Erling Skakke

• Haakon II

• Haakon II killed
• Magnus Erlingsson praised as king at the Øreting in Trøndelag

• Magnus Erlingsson
  • Erling Skakke

• Sigurd Markusfostre
  • Earl Sigurd Hallvardsson

• Earl Sigurd Hallvardsson killed

• Magnus Erlingsson
  • Erling Skakke

• Erling Skakke

• Magnus Erlingsson

• Eystein Meyla †

• Eystein Meyla killed

• Sverre Sigurdsson (Birkebeiner)

• Norway takes control of Jemtland

• Erling Skakke †

• Sverre Sigurdsson

• Erling Skakke as earl and chancellor of Norway fell together with 10 lendmen and nearly 60 hirdmen

• Magnus Erlingsson

• Sverre Sigurdsson

• Magnus suffers huge losses and eventually flees to Denmark
• Sverre Sigurdsson gains control of all Norway

• Magnus Erlingsson †

• Sverre Sigurdsson

• Throne usurped by Sverre

• Birkebeiner Party
  • Sverre Sigurdsson
  • Bård Guttormsson †

• Sigurd Magnusson †
• Hallkjell Jonsson †
• Olav Jarlsmåg †

• Revolt put down
• Shetland permanently ceded away from the Earldom of Orkney to Norway

• Sverre Sigurdsson
• Bård Guttormsson †

• Philip Simonsson

• Haakon IV

• Skule Bårdsson 

• End of the Norwegian Civil War era
• Start of the Golden age for Norway

(1323)^[5]

• Ingeborg is forced to exchange Axvall for the unfortified Dåvö in Västmanland

• The Norwegian Royal Seal is given to the Norwegian nobels
• Ivar Ogmundsson is appointed as Royal Seal holder

• King Magnus VII made an agreement with the Norwegian nobles

• Siege of Kalundborg
• Battle of Blidebro

Lübeck
Rostock
Hamburg
Stralsund
Wismar
Greifswald

• Valdemar IV admits his sale of Scania, Blekinge, and Halland to Sweden-Norway
• Copenhagen Castle is given back to Denmark

• Swedish-Norwegian success in the beginning
• Swedish-Norwegian failure to keep Nöteborg

Kingdom of Denmark
Second Phase (1367–1370)
Kingdom of Denmark
Kingdom of Norway

Second Phase: Hanseatic victory

• The Hanseatic League gains control over several forts in Scania
• The Hanseatic League became one of the most powerful military and economic powers in Northern Europe

• Swedish Nobles
• Swedish Rebels

• First Swedish-Norwegian union dissolved
• Västergötland, Värmland and Dalsland ceded to Magnus Eriksson and Haakon VI as personal fiefdoms

• Towns in Holland
• Towns in Zeeland
• Hanseatic League
  • Towns in Prussia
  • Towns in Livonia
  • Lubeck
  • Stralsund
  • Rostock

• Västergötland, Värmland and Dalsland ceded to Magnus Eriksson and Haakon VI as personal fiefdoms
• Magnus Eriksson is deposed
• Albert becomes king of Sweden. Afterwards Haakon continues ruling Norway until his death in 1380
• End of the union between Sweden and Norway

• Formation of the Kalmar Union.

• Treaty of Vordingborg

• The male Tre Rosor line in Norway becomes extinct.
• Norwegian monarchy strengthened
• Prince Christian maintains control over Norway.

• Christian I becomes king of Norway
• Charles I relinquish the throne of Norway

• Treaty of Malmö (1512)

• Dano-Norwegian ties solidified

• Treaty of Malmö, dissolution of the Kalmar Union.

• Christian II imprisoned

• Creation of Denmark-Norway

• Jón Arason defeated and captured
• Collapse of Catholicism in Iceland

 

 Östergötland peasant militia

• Royal power strengthened
• No further civil wars or major uprisings in Scandinavia

 France

• Regency of Algiers

Jülich-Cleves-Berg
Denmark-Norway

• Treaty of Speyer (1544)
• Holy Roman Emperor Charles V recognized Christian III as the rightful king of Denmark and Norway

 

Kingdom of Sweden
Zaporozhian Cossacks
Principality of Transylvania

• Sweden gains Estonia
• Livonia, Courland and Semigallia to Poland–Lithuania
• Denmark–Norway gains Ösel

• Conquest of Dithmarschen

 

Poland–Lithuania

• Treaty of Stettin (1570)

• Naval battle near Hel

• The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Navy was reduced to half of its previous strength

• Danzig withstanded the siege
• Danzig law confirmed
• Danzig had to pay 200,000 złotys

• Abduction of many Icelanders and Faroese people

• Treaty of Knäred (1613)

 Sweden
 Kingdom of France
 Bohemia
 Denmark-Norway (1625–1629)
 Saxony
 Dutch Republic
Electorate of the Palatinate
Brunswick-Lüneburg
 England
 Scotland
Brandenburg-Prussia
Transylvania
Hungarian Anti-Habsburg Rebels
Zaporozhian Cossacks
 Ottoman Empire

 Holy Roman Empire

• Catholic League
•  Habsburg Monarchy Austria
• Bavaria

Spain and its possessions
 Denmark-Norway (1643–1645)

• Peace of Westphalia
• Habsburg supremacy curtailed
• Rise of the Bourbon dynasty
• Rise of the Swedish Empire
• Decentralization of the Holy Roman Empire
• Franco-Spanish War until 1659
• Substantial decline in the power and influence of the Catholic Church

• Abduction of many Icelanders

• Treaty of Brömsebro (1645)

• Treaty of Roskilde (February 26, 1658)

• Decisive Swedish victory; Treaty of Roskilde/Treaty of Taastrup

• Treaty of Copenhagen (1660)

• Battle of Vågen

• Treaty of Breda (1667)

• Treaty of Habenhausen

• Treaty of Fontainebleau (1679)

• supported by Kingdom of France

• Dano-Norwegian withdrawal
• Hamburg pays 300,000 thalers as compensation to Denmark-Norway

• Treaty of Frederiksborg (1720)

 Holy Roman Empire

• Austria
•  Prussia
• Margraviate of Baden
• Serbs from Vojvodina
• Transylvanian Saxons
• Kingdom of Croatia
• Royalists

 Denmark–Norway

• Rebellion suppressed

• Punitive expedition unsuccessful.
• Denmark–Norway pays higher tribute than before

• Status quo ante bellum

 Ottoman Empire (de jure)

• Eyalet of Tripolitania

• Failure to monopolize Ceylon
• Danish India established

Portuguese India

 France

• Dano-Norwegian Victory
• French ships conquered

• Thanjavur recognizes Tranquebar as Danish

• Dannemarksnagore ceded to Danish India for 30,000 rupees to be paid over ten years

Dutch Coromandel

English Madras

Portuguese Carical

Supported by:

Thanjavur Nayak

• Willem Leyel becomes governor of Tranquebar

• Villages of Poreiar, Tillali and Erikutanchery ceded to the Danes

• Anglo-Danish Conquest of Cape Coast

• Assult reppeled

 

• Sankt Jan

• Rebellion suppressed

• Dutch presence on Greenland collapses

• Punitive expedition unsuccessful

 

• Danish West India Company
• Little Popo
• Ada
• Accra
• Akuapem
• Akwapim
• Ga
• Krobo

• Return of territory previously acquired by Anlo from the Alliance
• Construction of Fort Prinzenstein

• Congress of Vienna (1815)

French Empire
Spain

Sweden

• Treaty of Kiel
• Denmark joined the anti-Napoleonic alliance
• Frederick VI of Denmark cedes Norway to Charles XIII of Sweden

• Treaty of Paris (1810)
• Sweden regains Swedish Pomerania
• Sweden integrates the Continental System

• Treaty of Kiel
• Dissolution of Denmark-Norway

• Return to Status quo ante bellum

• Imprisonment of Jørgen Jørgensen

• Treaty of Kiel

 

 Napoleonic Italy
 Kingdom of Naples
Duchy of Warsaw
Denmark–Norway
Confederation of the Rhine

• Treaty of Fontainebleau
• First Treaty of Paris

• Norway entered a personal union with Sweden

• Collapse of the German Realm
• Creation of the United Nations
• Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as superpowers
• Beginning of the Cold War

See: NORMASH

• Debellation of Congolese separatist states

 

 

 

 

Supported by:

•  East Germany
•  Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
•  Hungarian People's Republic
•  Polish People's Republic
•  Socialist Republic of Romania
•  People's Republic of Bulgaria
•  Cuba

• Withdrawal of American forces from Indochina
• North Vietnamese victory over South Vietnam
• Reunification of North Vietnam and South Vietnam into the communist state Socialist Republic of Vietnam
• Communist governments take power also in Laos and Cambodia

Selected engagment:

Incident at Pristina airport

• Dayton Agreement, deployment of NATO-led IFOR

Selected engagment

Operation Allied Force
Operation Joint Guardian

• Kumanovo Treaty

Some of the Norwegian engagements:

Task Force K-Bar
Operation Enduring Freedom
Operation Anaconda
Operation Jacana
Uzbin Valley ambush (after action only)
Operation Pickaxe-Handle
Release of hostage Christina Meier
April 2012 Afghanistan attacks
Hostage incident at Qargha Reservoir / Lake Qara june 2012
May 2020 Afghanistan attacks
Resolute Support Mission
American University of Afghanistan attack
Hostage situation at Hetal Hotel, Kabul May 2015 ^[14]
2018 Inter-Continental Hotel Kabul attack
2015 Park Palace guesthouse attack
International Security Assistance Force
Operation Harekate Yolo

• Fall of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
• Taliban retake Kabul

 NATO

•  United States
•  Belgium
•  Canada
•  Denmark
•  Germany
•  Greece
•  Italy
•  Netherlands
•  Norway
•  Portugal
•  Spain
•  Turkey
•  United Kingdom

 Australia
 China
 Colombia
 India
 Indonesia
 Japan
 Malaysia
 New Zealand
 Oman
 Pakistan
 Russia
 Saudi Arabia
 Seychelles
 Singapore
 Somalia
 South Korea
 Ukraine

• Number of pirate attacks dramatically decreased
• The US Office of Naval Intelligence have officially reported that in 2013, only 9 incidents of piracy were reported and that none of them were successfully hijacked^{[citation needed]}
• Piracy drops 90%^[15]

• The NTC assumed interim control of Libya

 

al-Nusra Front
Khorasan

Ahrar ash-Sham

•  Houthi movement

• US-led multinational coalition formed in December 2023 to respond to attacks on shipping in the Red Sea.^[16][17]