The Class C54 (C54形) is a type of 4-6-2 steam locomotive built in Japan in 1931 and designed by Hideo Shima and built by Kisha Seizō and Kawasaki Heavy Industries Rolling Stock Company. A total of 17 were built in 1931 and numbered C54 1-C54 17. All were retired by 1963 after 32 years of service and scrapped later that year.

• Japan Railways locomotive numbering and classification
• JNR Class C53
• JNR Class C55

• C54―悲運のパシフィック [C54 - The Ill-fated Pacific] (in Japanese). Japan: Neko Publishing. January 2004. ISBN 978-4777050352.