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The term Hom Yasht refers to two different texts in the Avesta. The first one is the 20th Yasht of the 21 Yasht collection and is dedicated to the veneration of the Haoma. The second text forms verses 9-11.11 of the Yasna.[1]

In the Yasht collection

See also: Yasht

The Yasht collection comprises 21 hymns, each of which is dedicated to individual Zoroastrian divinities and connected with a specific day of the Zoroastrian calendar.[2] The collection is extant through the E1 and F1 manuscript tradition, dating back to 1601 and 1951, respectively. Most of the Yashts were originally part of the Bagan yasht, one of the, now lost, volumes of the Sasanian Avesta. However, according to the notes in the E1 manuscript, the Hom Yasht was not, meaning it must have been drawn from another source.[3]

Already in the E1 manucript, the Hom Yasht was listed as the 20th Yasht.[3] With only 3 stanzas, it is the second shortest Yasht in the collection and like the 21th Vanant Yasht, the overall shortest of the Yashts, it does not have a name day in the Zoroastrian calendar.[4] Instead, it is celebrated on the 29th day, which is dedicated to Manthra Spenta, the divinity personifying manthras.[5] Due to its shortness and perceived lack in poetic quality, the Hom Yasht is grouped into the so called minor or apotropaic Yashts.[6]

In the Yasna

See also: Yasna

The Yasna is both the name of the central Zoroastrian liturgy as well as of the text recited during said ritual.[7] Within the Yasna, the Hom Yasht represents verses 9-11.11, with verses 11.12-11.17 being a series of blessings and curses which are not considered to be part of this text.[8] The text itself is accompanied during the liturgy by the parahoma ritual, i.e., the pressing of the Haoma plant.[9]

The first part of the Hom Yasht (Yasna 9) is devoted to naming the early worshippers of Hoama, which is a structure also found in some Yashts from the Yasht collection.[10] The second part (Yasna 10) contains a long description of the Haoma plant itself, less of the associated divinity.[11] These descriptions are important source for the identification of the Haoma plant, which is still an unsolved question.[12]

References

Citations

  1. ^ Malandra 2004.
  2. ^ Hintze 2014.
  3. ^ a b Kotwal & Hintze 2008.
  4. ^ Malandra 2004, "[N]either Yašts 20 (Hōm) nor 21 (Vanant) have a name day".
  5. ^ Malandra 2004, "Some of the days may have been associated with a Yašt for deliberate, theological reasons, such as the association of Mąθra Spəṇta (day 29) with Haoma (Yt. 20)".
  6. ^ Malandra 2004, "chap: 'Minor' or 'apotropaic' Yašts".
  7. ^ Malandra 2006.
  8. ^ Malandra 2004, "Y. 9-11.11 Hōm Yašt. Y. 11 concludes with blessings and curse and other prayers.".
  9. ^ Boyce 2003.
  10. ^ Lommel 1927, p. 187: "Am meisten den Charakter der Yäst's hat Yasna 9, mit der Aufzählung der früheren Verehrer des Hauma".
  11. ^ Lommel 1927, p. 187: "In Yasna 10 erscheint Hauma besonders deutlich als Pflanze mit Wurzeln, Stengeln usw".
  12. ^ Taillieu 2003.

Bibliography


Allikas: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hom_Yasht
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