Battle of Sawran — Irenje defeated the army of Muhammad Sheibani, which was leaving Turkestan.
Background
By the winter of 1470, the Kazakh rulers had significantly strengthened their positions in Turkestan. The eldest son of Khan Zhanibek, Mahmud-Sultan, seized Suyzak in the foothills of the Karatau, another son, Irenchi-Sultan, took control of Sauran, and Khan Kerei himself advanced towards Turkestan. The main reason for their actions was not so much the raids of Muhammad Shaybani on the Kazakh lands, but the Kazakh khans’ understanding of the strategic importance of the region for consolidating power in the Eastern Dasht-i-Kipchak. They aimed to prevent the Shaybanids from establishing themselves in the cities of Southern Kazakhstan, prompting the Kazakhs to intensify their efforts and go on the offensive.
The arrival of Kerei Khan's forces in Turkestan forced Muhammad Shaybani to leave the Syr Darya region and retreat temporarily to Maverannahr, under the protection of the Timurids. Muhammad-Mazid, advising the Shaybanid sultans to leave Turkestan, hoped to reduce the threat of Kazakh attacks on his territories.[4]
Battle
In the spring of 1471, Shaybani, along with his relatives, launched a series of raids against the steppe tribes that recognized the authority of the Urusid rulers. In response, during the winter, the army of Khan Giray approached the city of Yasa. Muhammad-Mazid-Tarkhan, in a panic, persuaded Shaybani and the other princes to retreat to Bukhara. However, near Sauran, Shaybani’s small detachment encountered the army of Sultan Irenchi, the son of Janibek Khan. In the fierce battle, many of Shaybani’s companions were killed, including his relative Alike-Bahadur. The death of the hero left a depressing impression, as Ali Binai writes: “After the death of Alike-Sultan, the sultans, emirs, and bahadurs, all those who witnessed the event, scattered in different directions, so they had no chance to unite.” In the battle, many Shaybanid sultans abandoned Shaybanid Muhammad. Nevertheless, Shaybani managed to escape the pursuit and reach Bukhara.[5]
Reference
- ^ Султанов Т. И. Поднятые на белой Кошме. Ханы казахских степей / ТОО «Астана Даму-21». — Астана, 2006. — p. 145. — ISBN 9965-9522-8-0.
- ^ Кляшторный С. Г., Султанов Т. И. Казахстан: Летопись трёх тысячелетий / С. Г. Кляшторный, Т. И. Султанов. — Алма-Ата: Рауан, 1992. — С. 245. — 376 с.
- ^ Пищулина, К. А. (2016). Очерки истории Казахского ханства (in Russian). Almaty: Институт истории и этнологии им. Ч. Ч. Валиханова. pp. 124–125. ISBN 978-601-7342-14-2.
- ^ Пищулина, К. А. (2016). Очерки истории Казахского ханства (in Russian). Almaty: Институт истории и этнологии им. Ч. Ч. Валиханова. pp. 124–125. ISBN 978-601-7342-14-2.
- ^ Темиргалиев Р. Ак-Орда. История Казахского ханства. — Фонд "Аспандау", 2013. p. 129-130. — ISBN 978-601-80213-1-2.
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