The year 560 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 194 Ab urbe condita.^[1] The denomination 560 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.^[2]

• Peisistratus seizes the Acropolis in Athens, becoming the city's tyrant for the first time.^[3]
• Calf bearer (Moscophoros),^{[N 1]} from the Acropolis, Athens is made. It is now displayed at the Acropolis Museum, Athens (approximate date).^[4][5]
• Berlin Kore, begun in 570 BC, is finished. It is now displayed in Germany.^[6]

• Phocylides, Greek gnomic poet from Miletus
• Xenophanes, Greek poet and philosopher born in Colophon (approximate year)^[7]

• Amel-Marduk, king of Babylon^[8]
• Battus II of Cyrene, Greek king of Cyrene and Cyrenaica^[9]
• King Gong of Chu, Chinese king of Chu^[10]
• Leon of Sparta, king of Sparta^{[11][self-published source?]}
• Solon Greek poet and statesman (approximate year)^[12]