Zakaria ibn Adam Ash'ari Qomi (Persian: زکریا بن آدم اَشْعَری قمی) was a Shia Muhaddith (scholar of hadith)[broken anchor] from 8th century and one of the companions of Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad aṣ-Ṣādiq (the sixth Shiite leader). He was one of the narrators (Hadith transmitter) of Musa ibn Ja'far al-Kadhim (the seventh Shiite leader) and the agent of Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha (the eighth Shiite leader) and Muhammad al-Jawad (the ninth Shiite leader) in Qom, Iran.[1][2]

Genealogy

Zakaria ibn Adam Ash'ari Qomi also known as Abu Yahya (Persian: ابو یحیی)[3] is from the "Al-Ashari" family who migrated from Kufa to Qom.[4] His father is Adam ibn Abdullah ibn Sa'd Ash'ari,[5] whom Shaykh Tusi has considered one of the companions of Ja'far al-Sadiq (the sixth Shia Imam).[6] Adam ibn Abdullah has narrated a hadith from Ali al-Ridha (the eighth Shia Imam) transmitted by his son Zakaria.[7]

His brother Ishaq ibn Adam was one of the narrators of Ali al-Ridha (the eighth Shia Imam)[8] and his cousin Zakaria ibn Idris was also one of the narrators of Ja'far al-Sadiq (the sixth Shia Imam), Musa al-Kadhim (the seventh Shia Imam) and Ali al-Ridha (the eighth Shia Imam).[9]

His position with the Imams

Ja'far al-Sadiq and Musa al-Kadhim

Shaykh Tusi has considered Zakaria ibn Adam Ash'ari Qomi one of the companions of Ja'far al-Sadiq (the sixth Shia Imam).[10] None of the Islam scholar's sources have called him one of the companions of Musa al-Kadhim (the seventh Shia Imam), but he has been mentioned among the narrators (hadith transmitter) of this Imam.[11]

Agent of Ali al-Ridha

Shaykh Tusi has also considered Zakaria ibn Adam Ash'ari Qomi one of the companions of Ali al-Ridha (the eighth Shia Imam).[12] According to some narrations, Ali al-Ridha referred people to Zakaria ibn Adam in religious matters and introduced him as trustworthy in matters of religion and the world.[13] He received the religious funds of the people of Qom as the agent of the Imam.[13] On a Hajj pilgrimage from Medina to Mecca, Zakaria ibn Adam traveled with Ali al-Ridha.[14][15]

According to a narration, Zakaria ibn Adam said to Ali al-Ridha (the eighth Shia Imam): "I want to leave my family because idiots and ignorant people have increased among them". The Imam said to him: "O Zakaria, do not do this and do not emigrate from Qom, through your existence, God removes the calamity from your family (in another version: from the people of Qom) because of you, just as He removes the calamity from the people of Baghdad because of my father Musa al-Kadhim".[16][17]

Agent of Muhammad al-Jawad

Zakaria ibn Adam is also considered among the companions of Muhammad al-Jawad (the ninth Shiite Imam).[18] According to the narration of the book Rijal al-Kashshi, he was the agent of the ninth Imam of the Shiites in Qom.[13][19]

Bibliograghy

Islam scholar's sources attributed a book and a series of issues to Zakaria ibn Adam that have been narrated in different methods. Apparently, this set of issues was Zakaria ibn Adam 's questions from Ali al-Ridha (the eighth Shia Imam):[20][21]

  • Matters from al-Ridha (Arabic: مسائله للرضا (علیه‌السّلام))[22]
  • Book of Hadith (Arabic: کتاب الحدیث)[23]

He has narrated (transmitted) about forty hadiths (with or without intermediaries) from the Imams.[11][24]

Zakaria ibn Adam Ash'ari Qomi tomb, Sheikhan cemetery, Qom, Iran.

Demise

Some[who?] have said that the date of Zakaria's death was between 819 and 835 (between 204 and 220 AH) and at the same time with the birth of Muhammad al-Jawad (the ninth Shia Imam).[17] Others say he died away during the life of Muhammad al-Jawad and after his death, the imam wrote about him in a letter:

May God have mercy on him on the day he was born, on the day he died, and on the day he will be resurrected. During his life, he was a mystic, a believer and a follower of the right to life, and he willed what is obligatory in the sight of God and His Messenger. He - may God have mercy on him - passed away without breaking the covenant and turning the verdict. May God reward him for his good intentions and his efforts.[13]

His grave is in Qom in Sheikhan cemetery near the Fatima Masumeh Shrine.[25][26]

See also

References

  1. ^ "خاندان اشعری و گسترش تشیع در ایران - راسخون" (in Persian). Retrieved 17 May 2021.
  2. ^ "سیمای زکریا بن آدم - پایگاه اطلاع‌رسانی حوزه" (in Persian). Retrieved 17 May 2021.
  3. ^ نجاشی, احمد بن على (1987). رجال نجاشى (in Persian). قم: جامعه مدرسین. p. 596.
  4. ^ قمی, حسن بن محمد (1982). تاریخ قم (in Persian). تهران: توس. pp. 257–263.
  5. ^ نجاشی, احمد بن على (1987). رجال نجاشى (in Persian). قم: جامعه مدرسین. p. 174.
  6. ^ طوسی, محمد بن حسن (1995). رجال طوسی (in Persian). قم - ایران: موسسه النشر الاسلامی (تابع جامعه مدرسین قم). p. 156.
  7. ^ شیخ صدوق قمی, ابوجعفر محمد بن علی بن حسین بن موسی بن بابَوَیْه. الخصال (in Arabic). p. 638.
  8. ^ نجاشی, احمد بن على (1987). رجال نجاشى (in Persian). قم: جامعه مدرسین. p. 73.
  9. ^ نجاشی, احمد بن على (1987). رجال نجاشى (in Persian). قم: جامعه مدرسین. p. 173.
  10. ^ طوسی, محمد بن حسن (1995). رجال طوسی (in Persian). قم - ایران: موسسه النشر الاسلامی (تابع جامعه مدرسین قم). p. 210.
  11. ^ a b خـویی, ابوالقاسم (1993). معجم رجال الحدیث (in Persian). Vol. 8. p. 284.
  12. ^ طوسی, محمد بن حسن (1995). رجال طوسی (in Persian). قم - ایران: موسسه النشر الاسلامی (تابع جامعه مدرسین قم). p. 357.
  13. ^ a b c d کَشّی, محمد بن عمر بن عبدالعزیز. رجال الکشی (اختیار معرفة الرجال). p. 595.
  14. ^ علامه حلّی, ابومنصور جمال‌الدین حسن بن یوسف بن مطهّر. رجال علامه حلی (in Persian). Vol. 75.
  15. ^ جباری, محمدرضا (2003). سازمان وکالت و نقش آن در عصر ائمة (in Persian). Vol. 2. قم: مؤسسه آموزش پژوهشی امام خمینی. p. 519.
  16. ^ کَشّی, محمد بن عمر بن عبدالعزیز. رجال الکشی (اختیار معرفة الرجال). p. 594.
  17. ^ a b "زکریا بن آدم - صدا و سیمای قم" (in Persian). Retrieved 17 May 2021.
  18. ^ طوسی, محمد بن حسن (1995). رجال طوسی (in Persian). قم - ایران: موسسه النشر الاسلامی (تابع جامعه مدرسین قم). p. 375.
  19. ^ هیئت تحریریه مؤسسه در راه حق (2011). پیشوای نهم، حضرت امام محمد تقی (in Persian). قم: موسسه در راه حق. p. 60.
  20. ^ طوسی, محمد بن حسن (1997). الفهرست (in Persian). تحقیق جواد قیومی، اول، مؤسسة نشر الفقاهه. p. 132.
  21. ^ نجاشی, احمد بن على (1987). رجال نجاشى (in Persian). قم: جامعه مدرسین. p. 174.
  22. ^ نجاشی, احمد بن على. رجال نجاشى. Vol. 1. p. 174.
  23. ^ تهرانی, آقابزرگ. الذریعة الی تصانیف الشیعة. Vol. 6. p. 333.
  24. ^ خـویی, ابوالقاسم. معجم رجال الحدیث (in Persian). Vol. 7. p. 274.
  25. ^ "گنجینه های تشیّع/ زکریا بن آدم اشعری؛ امین الرضا، وکیل الجواد - شفقنا" (in Persian). 9 December 2019. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
  26. ^ "سیماى زکریا بن آدم – الشیعه" (in Persian). Retrieved 17 May 2021.
Allikas: Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zakaria_ibn_Adam_Ash%27ari_Qomi
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