Topór (Polish for "axe") is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by several szlachta (noble) families in medieval Poland and under the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.^[1]

The topór coat of arms is one of the oldest szlachta armorial bearings, found on a wax seal dated to 1282. Before the Union of Horodło in 1413, it's believed approximately 220 Polish szlachta families in and around Kraków, Lublin and Sandomierz used these arms.

Under the Union of Horodło the coat of arms was represented by Maciej z Wąsosza, the Voivod of Kraków, and by Jan Butrym, a Lithuanian boyar. After the Union of Horodło the topór coat of arms was transported to Lithuania and adopted by Jan Butrym. Due to its antiquity it was sometimes referred to as Starża, an Old-Polish word meaning "old age".

Gules an axe proper. For a crest, issuant from a ducal coronet an axe proper in bend.

Notable bearers of this coat of arms have included:

• House of Bogdanowicz
• Jan Jerzy Grabowski
• House of Matuszewski: Szymon Piotr Stefan Matuszewski
• Joey Największy z Gueltjakia
• Cyprian Norwid
• House Okulicz
• House of Ossoliński: Jerzy Ossoliński, Franciszek Maksymilian Ossoliński, Anna Teresa Ossolińska, Józef Kajetan Ossoliński, Jan Zbigniew Ossoliński, Krzysztof Ossoliński
• House of Starza Szolayski: Adam Prince Starza Szolayski, Wanda Princess Starza Szolayska, Gerda Starza Szolayska
• House of Tarło, Teofilia Tarło, Zygmunt Tarło, Jan Tarło, Andrzej Tarło, Pawel Tarło, Jadwiga Tarło, Stanisław Tarło, Jan Karol Tarło, Barbara Tarło
• House of Tęczyński: Zbigniew Tęczyński, Jan Magnus Tęczyński
• Eustachy Trepka
• Józef Zabiełło
• House of Zemło

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  Variation with the crest in bend sinister blade to base
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  Variation with the crest in bend sinister
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  Variation with the field azure
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  Variation with the field Or
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  Arms of Ludwik Justyn Deciusz, 1531
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  Arms of the Counts Tęczyński, 1561
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  Arms of Wawrzyniec z Kazimierza, 1569
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  Arms of House Paczeński, 16th cent.
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  Arms of the Princes Ossoliński, 1633
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  Arms of the Counts Zabiełło, 1683
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  Arms of House Morawicki, 17th cent.
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  Arms of House Jakubowski, 1764
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  Arms of the Counts Morski, 1781
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  Arms of the Counts Ossoliński, 1785
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  Arms of Sebastian Jakubowski, 1790
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  Arms of House Gumowski, 18th cent.
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  Arms of Baron Wincenty Jakubowski, 1808
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  Arms of the Counts Grabowski, 1816
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  Arms of the Counts Dzierzbicki, 1824
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  Arms of Julius Paczeński

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  Portrait of Jerzy Ossoliński with coat of arms in upper left
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  Portrait of Franciszek Maksymilian Ossolinski with coat of arms on the shield (right bottom corner)
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  Portrait of Jan Zbigniew Ossolinski with coat of arms in upper right
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  Jan Magnus Tęczyński with coat of arms in upper right
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  Topór on the painting of Elizabeth Granowska, 1779
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  The epitaph of Jan Kanty Tarło (1790-1855) in Szczaworyż, Church of St. James
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  Coat of arms of the Ossoliński family on the St. Antoni Padewski Church in Warsaw
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  The ruins of Krzyżtopór Castle in Ujazd (topór coat of arms on the right side of the gate)

• Polish heraldry
• Heraldic family
• List of Polish nobility coats of arms

• Kasper Niesiecki: Herbarz polski. T. 9. 1839-1846
• Franciszek Piekosiński: Heraldyka polska wieków średnich. Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, 1899
• Józef Szymański: Herbarz średniowiecznego rycerstwa polskiego. Warszawa: PWN, 1993
• Bartosz Paprocki, Jan Kazimierz Turowski: Herby rycerstwa polskiego przez Bartosza Paprockiego zebrane i wydane r. p. 1584. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Biblioteki Polskiej, 1858.
• Stanisław Teodor Chrząński: Tablice odmian herbowych. Juliusz Karol Ostrowski, 1909, s. V.
• Tadeusz Gajl: Herbarz polski od średniowiecza do XX wieku : ponad 4500 herbów szlacheckich 37 tysięcy nazwisk 55 tysięcy rodów. L&L, 2007, s. 363. ISBN 978-83-60597-10-1.
• Barbara Trelińska: Album armorum nobilium Regni Poloniae XV - XVIII saec. Herby nobilitacji i indygenatów XV - XVIII w.. Lublin: 2001,
• Stanisław Dziadulewicz: Herbarz rodzin tatarskich w Polsce. Wilno: Stanisław Dziadulewicz, 1929

• J. Lyčkoŭski. "Belarusian Nobility Coats of Arms". (in English)
• "Armorial of Belarusian Nobility". (in English)