Boudreau is a surname of French origin. Notable people with the surname include:

• Abbie Boudreau (b. 1978), American investigative journalist on CNN
• Bernie Boudreau (b. 1944), Canadian lawyer and politician from Nova Scotia
• Bruce Boudreau (b. 1955), Canadian professional ice hockey coach
• Claire Boudreau (1965–2020), Canadian historian, genealogist, and officer of arms
• Jean Boudreau (1748–1827), political figure in Lower Canada
• Jim Boudreau, Canadian politician from Nova Scotia
• Léone Boudreau-Nelson (1915-2004), American-born Canadian phonetician
• Lou Boudreau (1917–2001), American professional Hall of Fame baseball player
• Lucien Boudreau (1874–1962), Canadian politician from Alberta
• Lyne Chantal Boudreau, Canadian politician
• Robert Boudreau (b. 1927), American conductor.
• Rodolphe Boudreau (1865–1923), Canadian civil servant from Quebec, Clerk of the Privy Council 1907–23
• Roy Boudreau (b. 1946), Canadian teacher and politician from New Brunswick
• Tess Boudreau (1919–2007), Canadian photographer
• Victor Boudreau (b. 1970), Canadian politician from New Brunswick
• Walter Boudreau (b. 1947), Québécois composer, saxophonist, and conductor