The red-bellied paradise flycatcher (Terpsiphone rufiventer), also known as the black-headed paradise flycatcher, is a medium-sized passerine bird of the family of monarch flycatchers. It is native to intra-tropical forests of Africa. The male bird is about 17 cm (7 in) long and has a black head, a mainly chestnut body, and a tail with streamers nearly twice as long as the body. The colouring is somewhat variable across the bird's range. Both females and juveniles lack the tail streamers and are a duller brown colour. It is closely related to the African paradise flycatcher, and the two can hybridise.

Taxonomy

The red-bellied paradise flycatcher was formally described and illustrated in 1837 by the English zoologist William Swainson under the binomial name Muscipeta rufiventer.[2] Although Swainson was describing birds from West Africa, the type locality has been restricted to Senegal.[3] The specific epithet is Modern Latin meaning "red-bellied" from Latin rufus meaning "ruddy" or "rufous" and venter, ventris meaning "belly".[4] The red-bellied paradise flycatcher is now one of 16 paradise flycatchers placed in the genus Terpsiphone that was introduced in 1827 by the German zoologist Constantin Gloger.[5]

Eleven subspecies are recognised:[5]

  • T. r. rufiventer (Swainson, 1837) – Senegal, Gambia and west Guinea
  • T. r. nigriceps (Hartlaub, 1855) – Sierra Leone and Guinea to Togo and southwest Benin
  • T. r. fagani (Bannerman, 1921) – Benin and southwest Nigeria
  • T. r. tricolor (Fraser, 1843) – Bioko (island in Gulf of Guinea)
  • T. r. neumanni Stresemann, 1924 – southeast Nigeria to north Angola
  • T. r. schubotzi (Reichenow, 1911) – southeast Cameroon and southwest Central African Republic
  • T. r. mayombe (Chapin, 1932) – Congo and west DR Congo
  • T. r. somereni Chapin, 1948 – west, south Uganda
  • T. r. emini Reichenow, 1893 – southeast Uganda, west Kenya and northwest Tanzania
  • T. r. ignea (Reichenow, 1901) – east Central African Republic, DR Congo, northeast Angola and northwest Zambia
  • T. r. smithii (Fraser, 1843) – Annobón Island (south Gulf of Guinea) (Annobón paradise flycatcher)

The subspecies T. r. smithii has sometimes been considered as a separate species, the Annobón paradise flycatcher.[5]

References

  1. ^ BirdLife International (2017). "Terpsiphone rufiventer". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T22731073A118765669. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T22731073A118765669.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  2. ^ Swainson, William (1837). "Birds of Western Africa. Part II". In Jardine, William (ed.). The Naturalist's Library. Vol. 12. London: Henry G. Bohn. p. 53, Plate 4.
  3. ^ Mayr, Ernst; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1986). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 11. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 480.
  4. ^ Jobling, James A. "rufiventer". The Key to Scientific Names. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved 10 March 2025.
  5. ^ a b c Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (February 2025). "Monarchs". IOC World Bird List Version 15.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 10 March 2025.
  • Birds of The Gambia by Barlow, Wacher and Disley, ISBN 1-873403-32-1
Allikas: Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annob%C3%B3n_paradise_flycatcher
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