Events in the year 1943 in China. The country had an estimated population of 444,801,000 in the mainland^[1] and 6,507,000 in Taiwan.^[2][3]

• President: Lin Sen (until 1 August), Chiang Kai-shek (from 1 August)
• Premier: Chiang Kai-shek
• Vice Premier: Kung Hsiang-hsi

• Continuing Chinese famine of 1942-43
• January 11 — Conclusion of the Sino-British Treaty for the Relinquishment of Extra-Territorial Rights in China
• January 11 — Signing of the Sino-American Treaty for the Relinquishment of Extraterritorial Rights in China
• May 9–12 — Changjiao massacre
• May 12 – June 3 — Battle of West Hubei
• May 20 — Ratification and entry into force of the Sino-British Treaty for the Relinquishment of Extra-Territorial Rights in China
• May — Ratification and entry into force of the Sino-American Treaty for the Relinquishment of Extraterritorial Rights in China
• Disestablishment of the United States Court for China
• August 18 — Start of the Linnan Campaign
• 2 November - 20 December — Battle of Changde
• Opening of the Sup'ung Dam, in Liaoning

• March 26 — Sanmao, Taiwanese writer and translator (d. 1991)
• Pan Wuyun, linguist

• May 10 — Liu Chao-shiuan, Taiwanese educator and politician

• June 7 — Chan Hung-lit, Hong Kong actor (d. 2009)
• June 22 — Xu Caihou, former Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission (d. 2015)

• July 1 — Liu Jingnan, geodesist and educator
• July 10 — Michael Chan, Hong Kong actor and martial artist

• October 1 — He Guoqiang, 10th Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection
• October 15 — Xi Murong, writer and painter
• October 22 — Zuo Dabin, actress and educator

• November 4 — Mao Peiqi, historian
• November 22 — Xie Shengwu, physicist
• November 25 — Wang Fuchun, photographer and railway worker (d. 2021)

• December 1 — Guo Ruilong, football coach and former player
• December 14 — Fang Chengguo, senior banker (d. 2009)

• Abdurehim Haji Amin, politician and accountant (d. 2011)

• January 24 — Lü Bicheng, writer, activist, newspaper editor, poet and school founder (b. 1883)
• August 1 — Lin Sen, 3rd Chairman of the Nationalist Government (b. 1868)
• September 9 — Li Shiqun, politician (b. 1905)
• September 20 — Jiang Chaozong, general (b. 1861)
• September 27
  • Mao Zemin, younger brother of Mao Zedong (b. 1896)
  • Chen Tanqiu, politician and founding member of the Chinese Communist Party (b. 1896)
• December 13 — Gong Xinzhan, politician (b. 1871)

• Gao Enhong, politician (b. 1875)

• List of Chinese films of the 1940s