Events in the year 1894 in Germany.

• Kaiser – Wilhelm II^[1]
• Chancellor – Leo von Caprivi to 26 October, then from 29 October Chlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst

• King of Bavaria – Otto
• King of Prussia – Wilhelm II^[1]
• King of Saxony – Albert
• King of Württemberg – William II

• Grand Duke of Baden – Frederick I
• Grand Duke of Hesse – Ernest Louis
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin – Frederick Francis III
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz – Frederick William
• Grand Duke of Oldenburg – Peter II
• Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach – Charles Alexander

• Schaumburg-Lippe – George, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe
• Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt – Günther Victor, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
• Schwarzburg-Sondershausen – Karl Günther, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
• Principality of Lippe – Woldemar, Prince of Lippe
• Reuss Elder Line – Heinrich XXII, Prince Reuss of Greiz
• Reuss Younger Line – Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line
• Waldeck and Pyrmont – Friedrich, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont

• Duke of Anhalt – Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt
• Duke of Brunswick – Prince Albert of Prussia (regent)
• Duke of Saxe-Altenburg – Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
• Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha – Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
• Duke of Saxe-Meiningen – Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen

• Cameroon (Kamerun) – Leist to 24 February, then Eugen von Zimmerer (4th and final term) to 31 December, then Jesko von Puttkamer (3rd term)
• German East Africa (Deutsch-Ostafrika) – Friedrich Radbod Freiher von Schele
• German New Guinea (Deutsch-Neuguinea) – Gerog Schmiele (Landeshauptleute of the German New Guinea Company)
• German South-West Africa (Deutsch-Südwestafrika) – Curt von François (Landeshauptleute) to 15 March, then Theodor Leutwein (Landeshauptleute)
• Togoland – Jesko von Puttkamer (Landeshauptleute) (2nd term)

• 1 October – Leipziger Volkszeitung is first published.

• The Reichstag building in Berlin is completed and opened.^[2]
• The German company Wintershall is founded.

• 8 February – Ludwig Marcuse, German philosopher (died 1971)
• 26 February – Wilhelm Bittrich, German Waffen SS general (died 1979)
• 11 March – Otto Grotewohl, German politician (died 1964)
• 1 April – Eduard Wagner, German general (died 1944)
• 11 April – Fritz Lindemann, German officer (died 1944)
• 14 April – Fritz Thiele, German member of the German resistance who served as the communications chief of the German Army (died 1944)
• 19 April – Adolf Wissel, German painter, an official artist of Nazism (died 1973)
• 19 May – Heinz Ziegler, German general (died 1972)
• 30 July – Gerda Müller, German actress (died 1951)
• 17 August – Otto Suhr, German politician (died 1957)
• 19 August – Joseph Müller, German Roman Catholic priest (died 1944)
• 20 August – Josef Straßberger, German weightlifter (died 1950)
• 6 September – Carl Grossberg, German painter (died 1940)
• 12 September – Friedrich Ebert Jr., German politician (died 1979)
• 15 September – Herbert Windt, German composer (died 1965)
• 14 October – Heinrich Lübke, German politician (died 1972)
• 2 November – Alexander Lippisch, German aeronautical engineer, pioneer of aerodynamics (died 1976)
• 19 November – Heinz Hopf, German mathematician (died 1971)
• 17 December – Hans Henny Jahnn, German playwright and novelist (died 1959)
• 19 December – Paul Dessau, German conductor and composer (died 1979)
• 21 December – Gustav Ehrhart, German chemist (died 1971)

• 1 January – Heinrich Hertz, German physicist (born 1857)
• 11 January:
  • Wilhelm von Freeden, German mathematician (born 1822)
  • Joseph Weyland, German bishop of Roman Catholic Church (born 1826)
• 12 February – Hans von Bülow, German conductor, virtuoso pianist, and composer (born 1830)
• 20 February – Georg Albert Lücke, German surgeon (born 1829)
• 11 April – Constantin Lipsius, German architect (born 1832)
• 21 May – August Kundt, German physicist (born 1839)
• 8 September – Hermann von Helmholtz, German physician (born 1821)
• 17 October – Ludwig von Henk, German naval officer (born 1820)