Events from the year 1783 in Denmark.

• Monarch – Christian VII^[1]
• Prime minister – Ove Høegh-Guldberg

• 5 July – HDMS Friderichsværn is launched at Bodenhoffs Plads in Copenhagen.

• 2 January – Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg, painter (d. 1858)
• 11 May – Peter Willemoes, naval officer (d. 1808)
• 15 August – Christian Gottlieb Kratzenstein Stub, painter (died 1816)
• 8 September – N. F. S. Grundtvig, pastor, author, poet, philosopher, historian, teacher and politician (d. 1872)
• 8 October – Christian Molbech, historian and editor (d. 1857)

• 14 April – Abraham Pelt, industrialist and philanthropist (born 1695)
• 15 June – Ludvig Harboe, theologian and bishop (born 1709)
• 18 August – Joachim Melchior Magens, colonial administrator and planter (born 1715)
• 17 December – Gysbert Behagen, merchant (born 1725)